Geological Terms
Terms
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- Rift Valleys
- Valleys formed when the block of land between 2 normal faults slides downward.
- Plateau
- A large area of flat land that is raised high above sea level and that consists of horizontal rock layers.
- Stress
- The forces that push and pull on the Earth's crust,causing its deformation.
- Isostasy
- The balancing of the downward force of the crust and the upward force of the mantle.
- Fault-Block Mountains
- A mountain formed by blocks of rock uplifted from normal faults.
- Foot Wall
- The block of rock below a fault.
- Dome
- A raised area shaped roughly like the top of a sphere,often formed by magma pushing upward on the rock layers above it.
- Fold
- A bend in a rock.
- Crust
- The surface layer of the Earth.
- Syncline
- A downward fold in a rock.
- Tension
- The type of stress that pulls rocks apart.
- Convection Current
- A movement of material caused by differences in temperature.
- Fault
- A break or crack along which rocks move.
- Reverse Fault
- A fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the foot wall
- Volcano
- A place in the Earth's surface through which molten rock and other materials reach the surface.
- Thrust Fault
- A reverse fault in which the hanging wall slides over to the foot wall.
- Seismologist
- A scientist who studies earthquakes.
- Shearing
- The type of stress that pushes rocks of the crust in 2 opposite,horozontal directions.
- Mantle
- The layer of Earth that extends from the bottom of the crust to the core.
- Normal Fault
- A fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the foot wall
- Lateral Fault
- A fault along which the blocks move horizontally past each other.
- Deformation
- In geology,any change in the original shape or volume of rocks.
- Earthquake
- The shaking and trembling that results from the sudden movement of part of the Earth's crust.
- Fracture
- Break or crack (or) In minerals,they way a mineral that doesn't cleave breaks along a rough or jagged surface.
- Density
- The amount of matter in a given space;the mass per unit volume.
- Anticline
- An upward fold in a rock.
- Compression
- The type of stress that squeezes rocks together.
- Hanging Wall
- The block of rock above a fault.