#1 set
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- Jarl
- (earls) nobility, priest
- Gothis
- ruled according to law, this was not written down until 1100 AD, befor this time, laws were based on tradition and opinions of migration
- Bonds
- freemen, farmers, merchants
- Thralls
- slaves from Ireland, Finland, Germany, Slavic Nation
- Nithing
- "out cast" or "nothing"
- Althing
- a national assembly
- Thing
- were freemen (who were landowners) would vote for leaders and pass laws. they would set taxes, check men's weapons, investigate murders
- odin
- king of all gods (wooden wednesday)
- Thor
- son of Odin and earth, god of law and order, god of thunder
- Frigg
- Odins wife, known for kindness and beauty
- Vanir
- the firtilization gods, worshipped by farmers who made the crops
- Aesir
- warrior gods worshipped by warriors
- Valhalla
- the hall of the chosen one. Feasting, partying and fighting each other all night long (Viking warriors only) throughout all eternity
- Valkyries
- warrior maddens
- Skraeling
- "wreached" they were Eskimos
- Dangeld
- payment in gold (or wealth/$), made to Vikings by victims to spare their lives and go away
- Danelaw
- where the vikings lived
- Runes
- (10 in total) there are either magical or there are either practical runes
- Futhark
- the viking alphabet
- Russe
- this is what the Norsemen were called in russian
- Hel
- the goddess of the underworld
- Novgorod
- Vikings settled in the town of Russia and set up trading stations in these towns
- Asguard
- a heavenly place, the gods lived there
- Miguard
- the world of the humans (viking eskimos). It is surrounded by the ocean, which was imhabbeted by a serpent
- Utguard
- home of the frost giants
- Ragnarok
- the sene of the final battle that will soon end the world
- Sagas
- the tales of the Viking exploits. These were often passed down by word of mouth, then finally recorded during the 13th century by the Christian Monks
- Eric the red
-
he has a red beard and hair, Fiery temper. He discoverd Green land- it is milder in temperature then it is now-
they can grow Barly, rais sheep and goats will last this way for 400 years until the climate changed. - Leif Ericson
-
"Leif the Lucky"
Discovering Vinland, it is named Vinland because of teh wine and the grapes. It is now present day NEW FOUND LAND, Canada. It deals with wreached Eskimos - Lindisfarne
- this was a raid that happend around the year 800 AD. This raid was recorded by a monk by the name of Simeon of Durham of also whitnesed the raid. He said that the Vikings were bloodthirsty and brutal as they trampled on altars, looted the sacred relics and drowned the monks who tried to defend themselves.
- Berserkers
- The most fierce warriors who prepared for battle by eating wild plants and other foods that drugged them up and made them crazed
- giants
- they were evil creatures who lived in mountains by the ocean and preformed trickery and magic
- Dwarfs
- mischapen, ugly, wartfaced, little creatures who live in caves and are gready
- Latitude sailing
- the method of navigation which uses sun and stars to locate the latitiude that they wish to sail alog and then they will use that to reach land (before the compase)
- Battle of the Hastings
- William the Conqurer will use 700 ships and 10,000 men. HE will then take the throne by force
- Harold Hardrada
- of Normany- the "Last Viking" tried to seize the throne of England with his huge navel fleet, but he dies in the fighting in sept. 1066
- Eduard the confessor
-
Hewas an English king who died with no son to take over so...
He got to men who wanted the throne - William the conqurer
- He was the Duke of Normandy- was not English- but claims the throne becuase of a promise Eduard the confessor made to him- they were freinds and Eduard promised William the throne. William will attempt to take throne by force when others challenge this claim.