Bio parts of plant
Terms
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- cells which occur in all 3 tissue systems, usually photsynthesis, elongated, loosly packed, thin, flexible cell walls
- parenchyma
- primary wall thickened at corners, irregular shapes, provide support
- collenchyma
- support and strengthen the plant, thick, even cell walls, dead cells provide framework for additional cells
- sclerenchyma
- lack chloroplasts, many air spaces (hold o2 from soil for all respiration)
- parenchyma cells
- form hard outer covering of seeds, nuts, and fruit stones
- sclereids
- forms the outside covering of plants; epidermis, cuticle, cork, bark, stomata
- dermal tissue
- for storage, metabolism and support
- ground tissue
- phloem and xylem cosists of special conducting cells, along with support fibers
- vascular tissue
- conducts sucrose from leaves to roots
- phloem
- vertical column of sieve tube members joined by their end walls
- sieve tubes
- end walls, with opening between the members
- sieve plates
- specialized parenchyma associated with sieve tube members; responsible for secretion of substances in/out of sieve tube members
- companion cells
- conducts water and mineral from roots to leaves
- xylem
- long, thin cells that overlap one another at tapered ends
- tracheids
- larger, more effective conductors of xylem
- vessels
- growing regions where cells divide
- meristems
- 1st root growing from a plant, thick, tend to grow downward into water table
- primary root
- long, thin lateral roots that spread out over great distances, tend to be more shallow
- secondary roots
- dicot primary root; gives rise to later (or branch) roots; grows downward into earth
- taproot
- long, thin, lateral roots that spread out over great distances, tend to be more shallow
- secondary roots
- dicot primary root; gives rise to lateral (or branch roots
- taproot
- secondary roots that are shallower, far-reaching vertical migration outward
- fibrous root
- specialized; in monocots they develop from primary root; short-lived, develops from base of stem
- adventitious roots
- produced from above ground structures
- aerial
- above ground, from stem in some, tips bend upward for o2 (corn)
- prop
- encloses entire surface of young root; for absorptioin and protection of internal tissues
- epidermis
- fine, tubular outgrowths to increase surface area
- root hairs
- cells which occupy the most volume in young root
- cortex
- innermost layer, no air space
- endodermis
- waxy band, not permeable to water, which encircles each endodermal cell (within a wall) purpose is to regulate passage of substances into rest of plant
- casparian strip
- tip of root that helps root burrow into ground
- root cap
- soft, central core of ground tissue in some monocots, inside of vascular tissue
- pith
- primary root growth - 3 sections
- zone of differention, zone of elongation, zone of cell division
- naturally occuring substances transported in water thru xylem
- uptake of minerals
- ground tissue that lies outside vascular tissue
- cortex
- layer of immature tissue between vascular bundle
- cambium