Semester Test 2005 World History
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- code of conduct
- chivlry
- Lord's portiion of the manor
- demsne
- expulsion from the church
- excommunication
- uncultivated
- fallow
- land provided by a lord to his vassel
- fief
- untrue christian
- heretic
- decorating the first letter of a paragraph
- illumination
- church court to try peolple whose beliefs differed from the church
- inquistion
- village and surrounding lands
- manor
- rural districts, each with their own priests
- parish
- peasants tied to the land
- serf
- sacred rites of the church
- sacraments
- buying and selling of religious offices
- simony
- payment of 10% income to the church
- tithe
- lesser lords
- vassals
- stopped the Musslims at the Battle of Tours in 732 AD
- Charles Martel
- ruler of the Franks who became emperor of the Romans
- Charlemagne
- the author af the Aeneid
- Virgil
- began the practice of preaching the gospel to non-jews
- Paul
- the Roman Empire was divided in half by
- dioclitian
- leader of the Huns
- Attlia
- Roman emperor who converted to Christianity
- Constantine
- German chief who captured Rome in 476 AD
- Odoacer
- Historians that wrote Annals
- Tacitus
- stone trough which carried water to roman cities
- aqueduct
- ranking
- heirarchy
- story which teaches a lesson
- parable
- Egyptian picture writing
- hieroglyphics
- belief in one god
- monotheism
- reed used to make paper
- papyrus
- belief in many gods
- polytheism
- pharaoh who promoted worship of god
- Akenaton
- egyptian sun god
- Amon-Re
- deciphered the Rosetta Stone
- Champollion
- ruler who united upper and lower Egypt
- Menes
- ruler whose toomb was discovered intact in 1923 by Lord Cameron and Howard Carter
- King Tut
- shared power for one year to administer laws of Rome
- consul
- class of wealthy landowners
- patricians
- people who search for food
- nomads
- long period of time before writing was invented
- prehistory
- form of government in which is deposited by water
- theocracy
- soil rich in materials in which is deposited by water
- silt
- skilled worker
- artisan
- objects left by early people
- artifacts
- evidence of plant or animal life preserved in rock
- fossils
- thick sheets of ice
- glacier
- Into what two parts is the Stone Age divided?
- Paleolithic age and Neolithic age
- Built a libary (the world's first) at Ninevah
- Assurbanipal
- First to record or write dorox laws
- Hammurabi
- Built Babylon's Hanging Gardens
- Nebuchadxeyyar
- Used coined money
- Lydians
- Father of greek tragedy
- Aeschylus
- Father of biology
- Aristotle
- Father of plane geometry
- Euclid
- Father of history
- Herodotus
- Father of medicine
- Hippocrates
- Conquered the known eividiyations of the world in the 300's B.C.
- Alexander
- teacher of Alexander of Macedonia
- Aristotle
- author of the seliad and the Odyssey
- Homer
- leader of Athens during its Golden Age
- Pericles
- author of The Republic who was not sure democracy was the best form of government
- Plato
- mathmetician who said C squared= A squared + B squared
- Pythagorus
- writer of Greek lyric poetry
- Sappho
- Greek philosopher who was just put to death
- Socrates
- authoer of "Oedipus Rex"
- Sophocles
- wrote history of the Peloponnesian War in objective manner
- Thucydides
- harsh, cruel
- draconic
- speaking very little
- laconic
- temporary exile
- astracize
- slave who served as a teacher
- pedagogue
- seeker of wisdom
- philosopher
- wise fool
- sophomore
- wise law giver
- solon
- system of rule by local lords who were bound to a king by ties of loyalty
- feudalism
- scientist who find and analyze objects left by early people
- archaeologist
- use artifacts and bone fragments to study the ways people organize society
- anthropologist
- a slab of black rock with three types of writing that enabled Champollion to translate hieroglyphics
- Rosetta Stone
- area that streches from the Pursian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea
- Fertile Crescent
- independent town or city and the surrounding countryside
- city-state
- temple of a god of a city-state in ancient sumer
- ziggurat
- term used to describe the wedge-shaped writing of the ancient semerians
- cuneiform
- province in the Persian Empire ruled by a govenor responsible to the king
- satrapy
- first 5 books of the Old Testament
- Torah
- one of the best known epic poems in the world writen by Homer
- Iliad
- one of the best known epic poems in the world written by Homer
- Odyssey
- wall paintings
- fresco
- hilltop fortress
- acropolis
- governments by a privilleged minority or upperclass
- aristocracy
- worked the land t=for the spartans
- helot
- overseers to direct daily affairs
- ephor
- in 621 BC- written code of laws, wanted it to apply qually to all classes, harsh code, drocanian- harsh, strict (didn't work)
- Draco
- In 594 BC- abolished debt slavery, freed citizens forcedinto slavery, limited land ownership, stopped sell of grain abroad
- Solon
- In 560 BC- seized power with support of poor citizens, took land from nobles and gave it to peasants, reduced privilleges of nobles and directed new building projects
- Pisistratus
- In 508 BC- moved Athens to a democratic government, made Athenian Assembly the lawmaking body, granted citizenship to immigrants and former slaves
- Cleithenes
- Athenian leader who convinced the Assembly that Athens should build a fleet of ships
- Themistocles
- common people
- plebeians
- block
- veto
- Roman peace
- Pax Romana
- taught that the earth was at the center of the universe and the sun and planets revolve around it
- Ptolemy
- wrote the legnthy History of Rome
- Livy
- people who were not Jews
- Gentiles
- people who suffer or die for their beliefs
- martyrs
- Visigoth general who sacked Rome in 410 AD
- Alaric
- the art of public speaking
- rhetoric
- talented young general, first dictator of Rome, made reforms, gave more citizenship to soldiers, and was killed because people thought Rome should be a republic not a kingdom
- Julius Caesar
- son of General Hamiclar who took his troops into Italy and defeated Rome
- Hannibal
- brought peace to Rome, under him Rome ceased to be a republic and became an empire, he was imperator, he mase reforms: reorganized the army in to highly disciplined training, he encouraged former soldiers to settle in the provines
- Augustus Caesar
- called doe the senate to redistribute the lend to the poor, limited the size of large estates, and settle landless farmers in the provinces- spolesman fir plebeians and a leader
- Tiberius
- Greek playwright of comedy who wrote The Birds and The Clouds
- Aristophanes
- How did Charlemagne improve education?
- He invited scholars from all over Europe to come to his court. He set up schools. He made sure clergys were well educated.
- What 2 duties did a vassal have to his lord?
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1. Had to serve 40 days a year in Military services.
2. Had to work the lord's land on holidays. - What 2 duties did a lord owe his vassal?
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1. Provide them with protection.
2. Provide a court of justice. - What 2 duties did a serf have to his lord?
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1. Had to work atleast 3 days a week.
2. Had to pay a fee for using the mill and oven. - What 2 duties did a lord have to his serf?
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1. Provide them with protection during time of war.
2. Provied a court of justice. - What 2 reforms were inroduced by Julius Caesar?
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1. Granted land to the poor.
2. Stopped unemployment. - name 2 reforms intrduced by Augustus Caesar?
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1. Reorganized the army.
2. Convinced soldiers to settle in provinces. - Describe the Greek theater.
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1. ampitheater
2. male actors only
3. wore masks with megaphones
4. lasted all day
5. only about 3 to 5 actors - Compare life in Sparta and Athens in 4 areas: military, education, women's role, and government.
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ATHENS:
1. If you were a citizen you had to be in the military.
2. Only men got an education.
3. women had no legal rights, could not own property, or hold office and were kept in strict secclusion.
4. A democratic government
SPARTA:
1. From birth to death you were under a strict system and even women had to be tough. Military was very important.
2. Learned military life.
3.women were tough and did gymnastics. Told men to come back from war with his shield or on it.
4. A monarchy lead by 2 kings. - What was the underlying theme of "Odipus Rex"?
- How destiny affected the lives of individuals.
- Explain the political, social, and economic reasons for the decline of the Western Roman Empire.(2 reasons each)
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POLITICAL: 1. People felt less responsible for the government.
2. The lack of good leaders.
ECONOMIC: 1. the amount of money it took to run the government.
2. All the power was in the east.
SOCIAL: 1. people didn't care who their leader was.
2. soldiers were not responsible or patriotic. - how was Hebrew different from other people on the Fertile Crescent?
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1. Lead moral lives.
2. God decided the final judgement.
3. human life was held with great respect.
Other people of the Fertile Crescent were polytheistic. Therefore, they had many different beliefs. - What were the 4 river valleys that began civilization?
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1. Nile River
2. Tigris-Euphrates River
3. Indus River
4. Yellow River - Describe life on a manor.
- There is a castle, a village, 3 fields, a stream, forests, and a church.
- What were two reforms of Diocletion?
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1. Sets limits on prices and wages.
2. People could not change jobs. - What are some qualities of early Roman families?
- Romans lived in large extended families. The government rewarded parents with many children. The father had absolute power over the household. The discipline was strict.
- Discuss the advances in agriculture in the Middle Ages.
- There was the three-field system, a method of crop rotation, the heavy plow, the horse shoe, a better harness so horses could be used for plowing more, and a watermill and windmill for grinding grain.