Chapter 47
Terms
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- food web
- complex relationship formed by interconnecting and overlapping food chains
- Fresh Water
- tiny floating plants,fishes, amphibians,insects,reptiles,mammals. South America,Nile,
- Neritic Zone
- low tide line to edge of open sea. algae is abundant. turtle grass is food to fishes,invertebrates,and turtles.lobsters,crabs, flounder, rays
- Tropical Rain Forest
- warm and rain falls yearround. South America,Southeast Asia,Africa,Central America.Rptiles,small mammals, and amphibians
- dentrification
- process in which bacteria in the soil break down nitrogen compounds into free nitrogen
- Biosphere
-
is that part of the earth in which life exists
- consumers
- organism that gets its energy either directly or indirectly from producers
- Community
-
all the populations of organisms living in a given area
- water cycle
- movement of water from the atmosphere to the Earth and back to the atmosphere
- Deserts
- low rainfall. lizards,insects,scorpions,snakes,birds.Africa,U.S.,Mexico
- oxygen cycle
- monement of oxygen through the environment
- Grasslands
- grasses,small leafy plants. sugnificant rainfall,wet to very dry sometimes. North America,Russia,South Africa*(impala,gazelles,wildebeests,elephants),Argentina.
- nitrogen fixation
- process by which nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted into a form that can be used bu living things
- What are some abiotic factors that affect aquatic biomes?
- Some of the Abiotic factors that affect the kinds of organisms found in the aquatic biomes are light intensity,amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide dissolved in the water,and the availability of organic and inorganic nutrients.
- food chain
- series of organisms through which food energy is passed in an ecosystem
- Marine Biomes
- ocean habitat
- ecological pyramid
- diagram used to represent the energy relationships among trophic levels of and ecosystem
- Biomes
- an environment that has a characteristic climax community
- biogeichemical cycle
- series of physical and biological processes by which nutrients move through the biosphere
- Ecology
- the study of the interactions of organisms with one another and with their physical surroundings
- Deep Sea Zone
- high pressure,cold temps.,total darkness. gulper eels,large squid. zooplankton(microscoptic animals)sea cucumbers.
- ecosystems
- division of the biosphere consisting of all the biotic and abiotic factors that surround organisms and affect their wau of life
- producers
- organism that is able to make its own food from inorganic substances
- Tundra
- Northern North America, Asia, Europe. Covered by mosses, lichens, and grasses. Nearly treeless. Made of permafrost(layer of permantly frozen soil). Wolves, foxes, mosquitos.
- carbon cycle
-
movement of carbon between organic compounds that make up living tissues and carbon dioxide in the air
- climax community
- relatively stable collection of plants and animals that results from ecological succession
- nitrogen cycle
- movement of nitrogen through the biosphere between organisms organisms and the atmosphere
- Taiga
- Coniferous,fir,pine,and spruce. North America, Asia, Norway, Sweden. Rocky and Appalacnian mountains,Washington, Oregon, Nothern California. Red woods. black bears,grizzlies,wolves,moose, elk,voles, wolverines,grouse. Mild summers,cold winters
- Open-Sea Zone
- phytoplankton=80 to 90% of the Earth's photosynthesis activity.fishes,dolphins,whales,birds
- ecological succesion
- process through which an existing community is gradually replaced by another community
- Intertidal Zone
- must tolerate radical changes. clams(burrow into the sand),barnacles and seaweed(attach to rocks). snails, sea urchins, starfish(cling to rocks). Most of time exposed to sunlight and air
- liminating factor
- condition that limits the rate at which energy is produced in an ecosystem by preventing a species from growing to its potential
- Estuaries
- boundrary between fresh and salt water. Salt marshes, mangrove swamps, lagoons, mouths of rivers. shallow, sunlight.photosynthesis. fishes,shrimps,crabs