Mass Wasting
Terms
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- flow
- mass moves downslope as a viscous fluid.
- slip
- mass remains stuck together, moving on a defined surface
- slump
- movement along a curved surface
- slide
- descending mass that moves along a plane parallel to the slope of the surface
- normal force
- force of gravity perpendicular to the slope
- shear force
- force of gravity parallel to the slop
- Shear strength
- resistance to deformation due to cohesiveness, friction, plant roots
- Creep
- slow, continuos, downslope movement of soil or debris and loose debris`
- Debris Flow
- the general term used for mass wasting where motion takes place throughout the mass
- Earth flow
- when debris moves downslope as a viscous fluid and is covered by a blanket of vegitation
- solifluction
- flow of water-saturated debris over impermeable material
- Permafrost
- ground that remains frozen for many years
- mudflow
- mixture of debris and water, down a channel
- Debris avalanche (landslide)
- fastest type of debris flow that has air trapped under the rock mass that may act as an air cushion that reduces friction
- Rockfall
- when a block of bedrock breaks off and falls freely or bounces down a cliff
- Talus
- an apron of fallen rock fragments that accumulates at the base of a cliff
- rockslide
- rapid sliding of a mass of bedrock alon an inclined surface
- Debris slide
- a coherent mass of debris moving along a surface
- Debris fall
- a free-falling mass of debris that initially started out as a coherent mass.