Nsg Concepts 1 Excellsior

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Schedule 1 drugs: high potential for abuse, not accepted for medical use.(herion,LSD, Marijuana)
Schedule 2 drugs: acceptable for medical use high potential for abuse phys/psychological dependency(codeine,morphine etc
Schedule 3 drugs: acceptable for medical use abuse potential less than schedule 2 drugs (some codeine)
Schedule 4 drugs: acceptable for medical use limited risk for abuse/dep (Benzodiazepines,propox,phenobarbital)
Schedule 5 drugs: acceptable for medical use with minimal risk for abuse/dep (Opoid diarheals/cough remedies
Where do nurses store Narcotics?: A double locked storage area
When should a nurses count the narcotics?: at the beginning, and end of each shift, by on going, and off going nurses.
How should the Nurse report a discrepancy in the Narcotic count?: according to facility protocalls
When should an ongoing record of the number of drugs used be kept?: Upon removal of the Narcotic for administration.
What does the Nurse chart when removing the Narcotic?: name of client, the date, and time of administration.
What should happen if a nurse disposes of any partial or full dose of narcotic?: another nurse must co-sighn and witness the disposal
Prescription: an order for a medication containing clients name,med name,dose,route,freq,#doses #refills,providers signature
What groups of advanced practice nurses can write prescriptions.: Nurse Practitioners,Nurse Anesthesists,Nurse Midwifes, Clinical Nurse Speacialists in colaboration with Phys
Why should prescription drugs be used under supervision of a health care provider?: potential for harm and potential for abuse
Medication purchased without a script used to enhance personal health/treat common health problems?: Nonprescription drugs/OTC drugs
What is a chemical substance that alters the function of an organism and may or may not have a theraputic effect?: A Drug
A drug that is used for an intended therapeutic effect?: Medication
Describes the chemical and molecular structure of a medication and is often long and complex?: Chemical Name
Name assigned to a drug when first manufactured/official name assigned by the FDA and is not capitalized.: Generic Name
Known as the brand name of a drug/copyrighted name given by manufacturer Ex. Bayer Aspirin/ alway capitalized: Trade Name
Oral route / PO means ?: given by mouth
Name three ways to give a medication PO?: Sublingual, bucal , Oral
Medication placed in the mouth an swallowed: Orally
Medication placed under the tongue to disolve quickly absorbed by mucus membrane for systemic circulation?: Sublingually
A tablet or lozenge placed between cheek and gum acting locally on mucosa or systemic after swallowed in saliva?: Buccal (alternate cheeks to decrease irrition)
Safest and least expensive drug administration route as well as slowest to act?: Oral Administration Route
Given by injection into the body tissue using sterile technique usually fast acting?: Parenteral medication
Name the four routes to administer Parenteral medication?: Subcutaneous
Intradermal
Intramuscular
Intravenous
Route involves inj into subcutaneous tissue for medication that doesnt need rapid absorbtion? EX. Insulin: Subcutaneous= SQ or SC
Route involves inj into the dermis layer of the skin usually to test for allergic reactions? Ex. TB screening: Intradermal= ID
Route involves inj into the muscle tissue where quickly absorbed?: Intramuscular=IM
Intramuscular injections are frequently used to administer what types of drugs?: Antibiotics, Analgesic opiods and Antiemetics
Method for giving IM inj that seals the medication in muscle tissue to minimize irritation/staining of skin: Z-track method
Four common sites for an intermuscular inj?: Deltoid
Vastus Lateralis
Dorsogluteal
Rectus Femoris
IM route used infrequently near radial nerve & brachial artery located 1 to 3 finger breaths below scapula?: Detoid (given in thick area near mid axillary line)
IM/inj for infants/children/ adults? 1/3 distance from knee to G/trochanter of the center of the anterior thigh?: Rectus Femoris (lift muscle from bone give at right angle)
IM/Inj site for adults 1 hand breath ^ knee and 1 below G/Trocanter to medial outer thigh. Medial outer 1/3 for infants and children.: Vastus Lateralis *preferable for infants not walking
IM/inj commonly used found using finger to find G/Trocanter/Posterior superior iliac spine then draw line straight between them?: Dorsogluteal *preferable for infants that have been walking
Route that involves injection into the vein and has the most rapid effect smaller dose required this way.: Intravenous=IV
Route used to deliver a medication directly to a body site such as skin,eyes,ears, nose,throat,vagina and rectum?: Topical Route
A system of measure based on units of ten?: Metric System
Three basic units of measurement used in the Metric System are?: Meter
Liter
Gram
The three basic units used in the metric system to calculate medication dosagesare: gram (g)
milligram (mg)
Microgram (ug)
1g = ?mg: 1000 mg
1g = ?ug: 1,000,000 ug
Measure system that originated in colonial England based on the weight of a single grain of wheat?: Apothecary System
The basic unit of measure in the Apothecary System?: grain (gr)
4 Weight measurements in the Apothecary System: grain (gr)
dram
ounce
pound
A system of measure used in the home that is not procise usually in cooking, but can be used with OTC meds Ex. antacids and cough syrups: Household Measurements
Basic units of measure in Househlod Measurements: weight= ounces and pounds
Volume= teaspoon(tsp)tablespoon(tbsp) ounce(oz) pint(pt) quart(qt) gallon(gal)
Dose orderd/Dose on hand x amount on hand=: Amount to administer
Desired dose/ Dose you Have x Quantity you have=: Dose to be given
Drops/Minutes= Total Volume Infused x ?: drop factor (found on the package of the administration set)
Macrodrip tubing can administer?: 10,15 or 20 drops/per ml
Microdrip tubing can deliver?: 45 or 60 drops/per ml
EID stands for?: Electronic Infusion Device
To calculate a Pedi dose you determine the child weight in?: Kilograms
What unit of measure is used to deliver medication to a pedi?: mg/kg of body to weight
What is the Physiological change caused by medication that results in the body's response to it?: Mechanism of Action
The Mechanism of Action alters the Chemistry of the cell environment or ?: The Cell itself
What do you call it when cell receptor sites are affected by medication in a unique or certain type of tissue?: A Therapeutic effect in a target organ
Determines where a medication acts such as locally or systemically?: Route of medication
Intended effect or action of a medication?: Therapeutic effect
Has a Therapeutic effect of reducing fever?: Antipyretics
Has a Therapuetic effect of reducing inflamation?: Anti-inflamatory
The therapuetic effect of antibiotics help cure of control?: Infection
Has the therapeutic effect of relieving pain?: Analgesics
Has the therapeutic effect of relieving aggravating resp symtoms?: Decongestant
Has the therapeutic effect of preventing disease?: Immunizations
Has the therapeutic effect of promoting health?: Vitamins and Minerals
Some drugs can have more than one?: Therapeutic effect
Effects of medications that are not planned?: Side effects
Side effects can range from mildly unpleasant to?: harmful
Name 3 common side effects of drugs?: sedation
constipation
dizziness
When taking normal drug doses?: Adverse effects can take place
Name 2 examples of adverse effects?: increase B/P and bloodsugar
Effects of a medication that can be life threatining is?: Toxic Effect
Low HR, rash and wheezing are all symptoms of?: Toxic Effect
An antigen - antibody response to medication?: Allergic Response
Allergic Response requires a previouse exposure to the antigen to develope?: Antibodies
A mild allergic response to a drug with symptoms such as n/v, rash,headache, uticaria is an example of a ?: Hypersensitivity reaction
A lifethreatening allergic response if not treated immediately may result in death with symptoms such as dyspnea, larangeal edema, and widespread vasodilation is called?: Anaphylaxis
Treatment for Anaphylaxis includes giving epi,antihistimines,bronchodilators and corticosteroids to?: Reduce allergic response
An unexplained and unpredictable response to medication which may be intense or abnormal?: Idiosyncratic response
Insomnia is an Idiosycratic response to a medication that usually would make a person?: Sleepy
When a medications therapeutic effect is changed by the action of another medication or substance in the body ?: Medication interaction
A drug/drug interaction that results in potentiation/ increase in strength while used in coordination with one another is called?: Antagonism
Decrease in therapeutic effect of the same dose given over time resulting in the increase of dosage needed to aquire current therapeutic effect is called?: Drug Tolerance
A drugs activity from the time it enters the body until the time it leaves is called?: Pharmacokinetics
Pharmicokinetics is made up of four parts name them?: Absorbtion
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
When drug molecules transfer from the point of entry into the bloodstream?: Absorbtion
Absorbtion is directly effected by what?: Route of administration
What route is the fastest for absortion?: Intravenous (IV)
What route is the slowest for absorbtion?: Topical route
Scaring and edema may decrease absorbtion at an?: Injection Site
Why is absorbtion fast in the mucus membrane?: very vascular tissue
An initial dose that exceeds the therapeutic dose to rapidly achieve therapeutic serum level is called a ?: Loading dose
A process that starts with absortion of a drug and ends with its arrival at the target site is ?: Distribution
What 2 things affect the degree and speed of distribution?: Health of client
Properties of the drug
Distribution is better in a tissue that is highly?: Vascular
Distribution is increased by?: Vasodilation
Distribution is decreased by?: Vasocostriction
What 2 physiological things can decrease distribution?: Placental Barrier
Blood Brain Barrier
The process of deactivation and breaking down of a drug?: Metabolism
Metabolism occurs most often in the ?: Liver
Metabolism can also occur in other organs such as?: Kidneys
Intestine
Blood (less often)
Lungs
When a drug goes back into the circulation from the site of Metabolism while being transported to site of exit?: Excretion
Excretion is mostly done by the Kidney but what other organs can assist in this?: Lungs
Intestine
Excocrine Glands
Depending a medications target, Excretion may occur before?: Metabolism
When a drug cannot be properly excreted what may occur?: Drug Toxicity
The amount of a drug in the blood is referred to as ?: Blood Level
When blood concentration reaches its highest level?: Peak Plasma Level
When does IV meds reach thier peak in the blood level?: immediately
When does an oral medication reach its peak in the blood level?: In two hours
What are the 5 rights in medication administration?: Right Drug
Right Dose
Right Client
Right Route
Right Time
A medication should be given within ?: 30 minutes of schedualed time

(before or after)
When taking a med out , just before opening or pouring a med, and before giving the dose to a client these are the 3 times a nurse should?: Check for Right Drug against M.A.R
A nurse is legally and morally responsible for correctly administering a drug this includes?: Following Institution Policy
Consideration of Patient
Compliance
Correct documentation
When should a nurse check for the correct dose being administered?: every time, prior to being given
A nurse will check a clients arm band, and ask the client thier name, if coherent, to determine?: Right Patient
When checking an order for the method of delivery of a drug to a client a nurse is confirming?: Right Route
A medication orderd Qd, should be given within the orderd time frame to maintain?: Therapeutic Blood Level
Drugs that metabolize rapidly are given at?: Intervals to maintain therpeutic blood level
Name 3 factors that may affect a clients response to a drug?: Dietary Factors
Enviromental Factors
Aging/Developmental Factor
Why should a client have proper protein intake when taking a medication?: Protein binds with most drugs, increasing drug distribution in the body
The body should be properly hydrated to effectively ?: Transport and help metabolize a medication
What 2 issues dealing with climate can effect a clients response to medication?: Heat= vasodilation
Cold= vasocostriction

Ex. antihypertensives
The sun can alter drug action by affecting ?: Enzyme activity in the body
Infants have an increased risk for medication toxicity due to lack of maturation of the clients?: Kidneys
Liver
Gastro Sys
A client under the age of 5 should be admininsterd medication in what forms?: Liquid
Crushed meds with food
Children below 15 months of age should not recieve an IM injection where?: Gluteal muscle due to decreased development

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Number of cards 131