Medical Terminology Test 2
Terms
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- a communication between blood vessels. the surgical union of parts and especially hollow tubular parts.
- Anastomosis
- a male sex hormone (as testosterone)
- Androgenic
- counteracting or preventing cardiac arrhythmia. an antiarrhythmic agent.
- Anti-arrhythmic
- opposing or blocking the physiological action of acetylcholine. a drug having an anticholinergic action.
- Anti-cholinergic
- transient cessation of respiration whether normal (as in hibernating animals) or abnormal (as that caused by certain drugs)
- Apnea
- an alteration in rhythm of the heartbeat either in time or force
- Arrhythmia
- A wasting away; a diminution in the size of a cell, tissue, organ, or part.
- atrophy
- benign prostatic hyperplasia; benign prostatic hypertrophy
- BPH
- the hind end of the body. a fetus that is presented at the uterine cervix buttocks or legs first.
- Breech
- general physical wasting and malnutrition usually associated with chronic disease
- Cachexia
- surgical formation of an artificial anus by connecting the colon to an opening in the abdominal wall
- Colostomy
- a permanent shortening (as of muscle, tendon, or scar tissue) producing deformity or distortion
- Contracture
- the operation of cutting or crushing the fetal head to effect delivery. surgical opening of the skull
- Craniotomy
- the passive rhythmical expansion or dilation of the cavities of the heart during which they fill with blood. the rhythmical expansion of a pulsating vacuole
- Diastole
- tending to increase the excretion of urine. an agent that increases the excretion of urine
- Diuretic
- degenerative joint disease
- DJD
- Difficulty in swallowing.
- dysphagia
- development (as of organs or cells); broadly : abnormal anatomic structure due to such growth
- Dysplasia
- difficult or painful discharge of urine
- Dysuria
- gestation elsewhere than in the uterus (as in a fallopian tube or in the peritoneal cavity) -- called also ectopic gestation, extrauterine gestation, extrauterine pregnancy
- Ectopic pregnancy
- inflammation of the lining of the heart and its valves
- Endocarditis
- inflammation of the intestines and especially of the human ileum.
- Enteritis
- is a disorder of the digestive system in which the esophagus does not develop properly. The disorder is a congenital defect, which means it occurs before birth.
- Esophageal atresia
- pain in the stomach or epigastrium especially of a neuralgic type
- Gastralgia
- surgical removal of all or part of the stomach
- Gastrectomy
- an endoscope for inspecting the interior of the stomach
- Gastroscopy
- presence in the urine of abnormal amounts of sugar -- called also glucosuria
- Glycosuria
- an enlargement of the thyroid gland that is commonly visible as a swelling of the anterior part of the neck, that often results from insufficient intake of iodine and then is usually accompanied by hypothyroidism, and that in other cases is associated wi
- Goiter
- a gamete-producing reproductive gland (as an ovary or testis)
- Gonads
- a pregnant woman -- often used in combination with a number or figure to indicate the number of pregnancies a woman has had <a gravida four>
- Gravida
- a test for blood in urine or feces using a reagent containing guaiacum that yields a blue color when blood is present
- Guaiac Test
- A1C, also known as glycated hemoglobin or glycosylated hemoglobin, indicates a patient's blood sugar control over the last 2-3 months. A1C is formed when glucose in the blood binds irreversibly to hemoglobin to form a stable glycated hemoglobin complex.
- Hemoglobin A1C
- In a hiatal hernia (also called hiatus hernia) the stomach bulges up into the chest through the hiatal opening. There are two main types of hiatal hernias: sliding and paraesophageal (next to the esophagus). In a sliding hiatal hernia, the stomach and th
- Hiatal hernia
- excessive functional activity of the thyroid gland; also : the resulting condition marked especially by increased metabolic rate, enlargement of the thyroid gland, rapid heart rate, and high blood pressure -- called also thyrotoxicosis
- Hyperthyroidism
- excessive ventilation; specifically : excessive rate and depth of respiration leading to abnormal loss of carbon dioxide from the blood -- called also overventilation.
- Hyperventilation
- of the urine-collecting structures of one or both kidneys due to the accumulation of urine that can't drain out of the kidney. Caused by blockage in urinary tract.
- Hydronephrosis
- examination of the uterus and fallopian tubes by radiography after injection of an opaque medium -- called also uterosalpingography
- Hysterosalpingography
- surgical formation of an artificial anus by connecting the ileum to an opening in the abdominal wall. the artificial opening made by ileostomy
- Ileostomy
- situated or extending between the ribs. an intercostal part or structure (as a muscle or nerve).
- Intercostal
- the presence of excess ketone bodies in the urine in conditions (as diabetes mellitus and starvation acidosis) involving reduced or disturbed carbohydrate metabolism -- called also acetonuria
- Ketonuria
- surgical removal of the posterior arch of a vertebra
- Laminectomy
- edema due to faulty lymphatic drainage
- Lymphedema
- severe hypothyroidism characterized by firm inelastic edema, dry skin and hair, and loss of mental and physical vigor
- Myxedema
- Enlargement of the kidney
- Nephromegaly
- urination at night especially when excessive -- called also nycturia
- Nocturia
- the act of occluding or the state of being occluded : a shutting off or obstruction of something. The bringing of the opposing surfaces into contact.
- Occlusion
- reduced excretion of urine
- Oliguria
- surgical fixation of a testis -- called also orchidopexy
- Orchiopexy
- an infectious usually painful inflammatory disease of bone that is often of bacterial origin and may result in death of bone tissue
- Osteomyelitis
- a condition that affects especially older women and is characterized by decrease in bone mass with decreased density and enlargement of bone spaces producing porosity and brittleness.
- Osteoporosis
- a woman delivered of a specified number of children -- used in combination with a term or figure to indicate the number <multipara> <a 36-year-old para 5>
- Para
- situated or occurring outside the intestine; especially : introduced otherwise than by way of the intestines. an agent (as a drug or solution) intended for parenteral administration
- Parenteral
- physical examination, pulmonary embolism
- PE
- inflammation of the pericardium
- Pericarditis
- Serous membrane that lines walls of abdominal and pelvic cavities and invests organs in those cavities
- Peritoneum
- either of a pair of two-walled sacs of serous membrane each of which lines one lateral half of the thorax, has an inner visceral layer closely adherent to the corresponding lung, is reflected at the root of the lung to form a parietal layer that adheres
- Pleura
- the condition of having more than the normal number of toes or fingers -- called also polydactylia, polydactylism
- Polydactyly
- is a decrease in blood pressure that occurs when you sit up or stand up. It causes you to feel dizzy and maybe even faint. It happens because your brain does not have the control over your heart and other organs. These symptoms will gradually go away as
- Postural hypotension
- inflammation of the prostate gland
- Prostatitis
- narrowing of the pyloric opening (as from congenital malformation or contraction of scar tissue)
- Pyloric Stenosis
- a calculus in the kidney -- called also kidney stone
- Renal calculus
- being or relating to the sclera. of, relating to, or affected with sclerosis.
- Sclerotic
- a neural tube defect marked by congenital cleft of the spinal column usually with hernial protrusion of the meninges and sometimes the spinal cord
- Spina bifida
- an instrument for measuring the air entering and leaving the lungs
- Spirometer
- the contraction of the heart by which the blood is forced onward and the circulation kept up
- Systole
- a sudden life-threatening exacerbation of the symptoms (as high fever, tachycardia, weakness, or extreme restlessness) of hyperthyroidism that is brought on by various causes (as infection, surgery, or stress)
- Thyroid storm
- excessive functional activity of the thyroid gland; also : the resulting condition marked especially by increased metabolic rate, enlargement of the thyroid gland, rapid heart rate, and high blood pressure -- called also hyperthyroidism
- Thyrotoxicosis
- is a bone which has had its tissue broken.
- fracture
- This type of fracture has slight comminution at the fracture site which looks largely like a butterfly. The fracture site has butterfly fragments.
- Butterfly Fracture
- When there is a closed fracture there is no broken skin. The bones which broke do not penetrate the skin (but may be seen under the skin) and there is no contusion from external trauma.
- Closed Fracture
- A comminuted fracture has more than two fragments of bone which have broken off. It is a highly unstable type of bone fracture with many bone fragments.
- Comminuted Bone Fracture
- When this occurs, the bone breaks and fragments of the bone will penetrate through the internal soft tissue of the body and break through the skin from the inside. There is a high rise of infection if external pathogenic factors enter into the interior o
- Compound Bone Fracture
- The pathology of this type of fracture includes a incomplete fracture in which only one side of the bone has been broken. The bone usually is "bent" and only broken of the outside of the bend. It is mostly seen in children and is considered a s
- Greenstick Fracture
- Type of fracture where the ends of the broken bones are wedged together.
- Impacted Fracture
- This type of fracture classified as when a broken bone protrudes to the exterior of the body giving rise to soft tissue injuries of the muscles, tendons and ligaments. There is a high risk of injection to the internal tissues.
- Open Bone Fracture
- A simple bone fracture is one of the better types of fractures as there is only bone damage with little or no soft tissue damage and the broken bone ends do not penetrate the skin.
- Simple Fracture
- In this type of fracture the bone has been broken giving rise to a transverse break or fissure within the bone at a right angle to the long portion of the bone.. It is most often caused by direct traumatic injuries.
- Transverse Bone Fracture