SPRING 2005 NUTRITION 223 BOWEN FINAL EXAM
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- Elastic capability of muscles
- flexibility
- measure of aerobic capacity
- VO2 max
- By-product of anaerobic glycolysis
- lactic acid
- oxygen carrying/storage protein in the muscle
- myoglobin
- substances that mimic male hormones, cause musclar hypertrophy
- anabolic steriods
- Ability of muscles to contract against resistence
- strength
- Enlargement of muscle tissue in response to exercise
- hypertrophy
- replensished ATP during the first 5 minutes of exercise
- phosphocreatine
- way of increasing glycogen storage
- CHO loading
- decrease in amt of muscle tissue in response to inactivity
- atrophy
- primary protein in breast milk
- alpha-lactabumin
- transfer of microbes from one food to aother via hands, utensils, or surfaces
- cross contamination
- fluid rick in maternal antibodies secretd the first few days after birth
- colostrum
- number 1 hazard of us food supply
- microbial food poisioning
- virally caused foodborne illness characterized by liver inflammation
- hepatitis A
- inadequate folate intake during pregnancy increases the risk of
- nueral tube effects and spina bufida
- inability to digest a component in food
- food intolerance
- pathogenic bacteria that cause foodborne illness
- E coli, listeria, salmonella
- the fetus' own personal spa
- amniotic sac
- illness caused by ingestion of food containing baceria that subsequently multiply in the digestive tract
- foodborne illness
- leading cause of preventable birth defects
- cause is alcohol...preventable by FAS and FAE
- accumulation of toxins, beginning low on the food chain and moving up to the level of human consumption
- bioaccumulation
- the single most important factor affecting health as one ages
- physical activity
- ingestion of a food contatining microbial toxins resultin in
- foodborne intoxication
- loss of central vision, leading cause of blindness in older people
- macular degeneration
- primary carbohydrate in breast milk
- lactose
- pregnant women should avoid consuming large predatory fish because they may contain high levels
- of mercury
- E1: Oxygen and nutrients move from the blood into the ____ by the ____
- extracellular fluid, hydrostatic pressure
- the greatest number of healthy years and fewest years of illness as one ages
- compression morbidity
- food components that cause production of antibodies results in a food
- allergy
- period of rapid cell divion when anorgan is most susceptible to lack of nutrients
- critical period
-
E1: Functions of the pancrease include all but:
a. nutrient absorption
b. digestive enzyme synthesis
c. secretion of hormones that regulate blood glucose
d. secretion of bicarbonate - a. nutrient absorption
- deficiency of iodine in a pregnanct woman may result in
- cretinism
- organ that transports nutrients and O2, into the mother's blood
- placenta
- e1: Fat-soluble products of digestion are initially transported in
- lymphatic vessels
- mineral that is most often deficient in children and teens
- iron
- e3: In anaerboic glycolysis, glucose is converted to 2 molecules of _____ which are then converted to______
- pyruvate, lactate
- fish toxin
- ciguatera, scromboid
- The type of research that studies population over time is?? (exam 1)
- epidemiological
- e3: NADH and FADH are compounds that function as
- Electron acceptors and donors in redox reactions
- Exam 1: Which of the following IS NOT an essential nutrient: Carbohydrates, cholesterol, protein, fat
- cholesterol is not
- Exam1: Chronic disease that is most diet-responsive
- Type 2 diabetes
- Exam1: 2 systems that have the largest role in maintaining homeostasis in the body are?
- endocrine and nervous
- The compound to which all 3 macronutrients are converted prior to entering the TCA (krebs) cycle is:
- acetyl CoA
- Exam 2: It is recommended that we consume oils containing ___________ in the highest ammounts.
- monounsaturated fatty acids
- Exam 2: When a protein is denatured
- it's secondary and tertiary structures are disrupted
-
Which of the following does not occur in the liver?
a. cholesterol synthesis
b. ketone production
c. urea syntheis
d. fatty acid storage - fatty acid storage
- Exam 2: _____transports lipids from the _____ to the _____
- LDL; liver to tissues
- (E2)_____and____ improves blood glucose tolerance and lowers blood cholesterol levels
- Soluble fibers and oats
- e3: ethanol detoxification begins in the____ with _____
- stomach, alcohol dehyrogenase (ADH)
- (E2) When cells are deprived of CHO, fat can't be completely oxidized. The products of incomplete fax oxidation are:
- ketones
- e3:Which of the following contributes the most to energy expenditure
- basal metabolism
- (e2)The essential fatty acid _____ is found primarily in vegetable oils, is _____
- linoleic, omega 6
- (e2)Synthesis of nonessential amino acids is accomplished by _____ reactions
- transamination
- e3:Which of the following fuels are stored rather than oxidized immediately for energy
- fat
- E2: _______is a result of automimmune response in which pancreatic beta cells are destroyed
- IDDM
- E2:The 2 main types of CHO are
- sugars and polysaccharides
-
e3: which of the following factors decreases BMR?
a. pregnancy
b. dieting
c. growth
d. stress - b. dieting
- E1: What is the most nutrient dense source of calcium
- Nonfat milk
- E1: The _____ releases stomach contents into the duodenum
- Pyloric Sphincter
- E1: Nutrient-rich blood from the intestinal capillary bed circulates directly to the:
- Liver
- e3: When a person gains excess fat as a child?
- adipocyte hyperplasia (cells multiply)
- e3:Anorexia and bulimia nervosa are considered
- psychological disorders
-
e4: Functions of Vitamin A include ALL BUT which of the following functions?
a. night and color vision
b. growth
c. DNA synthesis
d. Immune system function - c. DNA synthesis
- e4:Blood-thinning medications, such as Coumadin, inhibit the activity of
- Vitamin K
- e4: _____ is a conditionally essential vitamin whose precursor is_____
- Vitamin D, cholesterol
- e4: some drugs used to treat cancer inhibit the activity of _______ thereby inhibiting cancer cell division
- folate
-
e4: Vit B12 functions in which of the following ways?
a. DNA synthesis
b. maintains folate in its active form
c. protects the myelin sheath around nerves.
d. b and c - b and c
- e4: The compartment that contains most of the water in the body is
- intracellular
- e4:Osmotic pressure is exerted in the body by
- Proteins and minerals
-
Which of the following statements is false about iron?
a. People most at risk for iron deficiency anemia are young children, women of childbearing age, and adolescents.
b. iron is necessary for energy production
c. an iron-deficient indivi - c. is false
-
e4: which of the following statement about iodide is true?
a. deficiency in a pregnant woman increases the risk of bearing an infant with cretinism
b. it is necessary for hemoglobin synthesis
c. it is necessary for thyroid hormone synthese - A and C are true
- e4: Normally, absorption of excess iron doesn't occur due to the sequestration of iron in _______, in intestinal cells until it can be taken up by ____, and transported to cells
- ferritin, transferrin