Psych. Chapter 5
Terms
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- Consciousness
- person's awareness of sensations, thoughts, feelings, etc. at a given moment
- Walking Consciousness
- varies from more active to more passive states
- Altered states of consciousness
- naturally occuring sleep and dreaming; hypnotic and drug induced states
- REM; Rapid Eye Movement
- increase in heart rate, rise in blood pressure, increase in breathing, males erections; when dreams occur
- Freud
- manifest content (story line)
- latent content
- true meaning
- biological clock
- regulates consciousness via circadian rhythms; decrease in available light (sunset)
- circadian rhythms
- cyclical daily fluctuations in biological and psychological
- sunset
- release of melatonin from pineal gland; produces sleepiness; melatonin production rises and falls
- alcohol dreams
- dream less - dream more next night - REM Reload
- bazaar dreams occur...
- near wake-up
- EEG
- measures amplitude and frequency of waves
- Stage 1
- wakefulness - sleep; rapid low waves, no dreams first time
- Stage 2
- more consistant; spindles
- Stage 3
- slower with higher peaks and lower valleys
- Stage 4
- slower and more regular, least responsive to outside stimuli; deep sleep
- REM sleep
- 20% adult sleeping time, just eyes moving, inconsistant/irregular heartbeat, increase in bloodpressure/breathing, erections, dreams, body is paralyzed
- why do we sleep
- restorative theory (rest), ecological/adaptive theory
- where do stimulants cause arousal
- central nervous system
- stimulants are...
- caffeine, nicotene; cocaine, amphetamines
- depressants decrease arousal in...
- central nervous system
- depressants are...
- alcohol, intoxication/euphoria
- alcohol
- most frequently used depressant, alcoholism
- morphine and heroin
- narcotics
- narcotics
- increase relaxation and relieve pain and anxiety
- hallucinogens
- produce hallucinations
- marijuana, LSD, Ecstasy
- Hallucinogens
- proactive drug
- drugs that influence a person's emotions, perceptions, behavior
- coffee, beer
- proactive drug
- addictive drugs
- drugs that produce a biological or psychological dependence in the user
- biologically based addiction
- body can not function with out drug
- psychologically based addiction
- need it for daily stress
- stimulants
- causes rise in heart rate, blood pressure, a muscular tension
- caffeine
- stimulant, mimics adenosine
- cocaine
- stimulant
- dopamine (cocaine stimulant)
- chemical that transmit between neurons messages that are realted to feelings of pleasure
- amphetamines
- strong stimulants; energy and alertness
- dexedrine and benzedrine(speed)
- amphetamine
- depressants
- slow down nervous system; neurons fire slowly
- binge drinking
- men- 5 or more drinks, women- 4 or more drinks
- barbiturates
- form of depressant; reduce stress, induce sleep
- nembutal, seconal, phenobarbital
- barbiturates
- rohypnol
- date rape
- morphine, heroin
- narcotics
- methadone
- cravings
- MDMA and LSD
- affect serotonin
- alcohol myopia
- inability of intoxicated persons to foresee the negative consequences of their actions - they do things they wouldnt normally do when sober
- alcohol long term effects
- damage to pancreas, liver, and brain cells
- alcohols effects on immune system
- suppresses
- marijuana
- acts on cannaboid receptors THC, negative effects on memory, coordination
- marijuana medical risks
- reduces nausea+ , affects driving, lots of tar
- LSD
- serotonin receptors(alert), hallucinations, low toxicity
- LSD benefits and risks
- mind expanding, psychosis
- MDMA
- the love drug, 5-6 hour euphoric feeling, stimulant at low doses
- MDMA effects on brain
- similar to mescaline, physically toxic, hyperthermia, short term depression