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Final WC

Terms

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Sea Peoples
invaders who destroyed the Egyptian Empires; unidentifable because they went thier own ways after thier attacks
Great Silk Road
the name of the major route for silk trade
Hapiru
a name meaning homeless, independent nomads, it represents a group that were partially made up by Hebrews
Patriarchal
societies in which the most power is held by older adult men, especially those from the elite groups
Epicureanism
a practical philosophy founded by Epicurus, it argued that the principal good of human life is pleasure
Mystery religions
called such because they featured a body of ritual not to be divulged to anyone not intiated into the cult
Politeuma
a political corporation the jews were permitted to create which gave them a great deal of autonomy
Nobles
the top level of Sumerian society that consisted of the king and his family, the chief priests, and a high palace officals
Indo-European
refers to a large family of languages that includes English, most of the languages of modern Europe, Greek, Latin, Persian, and Sanskrit, the sacred tongue of ancient India
Magi
a priestly class developed among the Medes to offical
Neolithic Period
the period between 7000 and 3000 B.C. that serves as the dividing line between anthroplogy and history, refers to stone tools used
Dogmatic School
a medical school that used speculation as part of research, as well as dissection
Irrigation
the solution to the problem of arid climates and scant water suppiles, a system of watering land and draining to pervent build up of salt in the soil
Hykos
called Rulers of the Uplands by the Egyptians, these people began to settle in the Nile Delta shortly after 1800 B.C
Empiric School
a medical school that concentrated on the observation and cure of illnesses, they also laid heavier stress on the use of drugs and medicine to treat illnesses
Hellenistic
the new culture that arose when Alexander overthrew the Persian Empire and began spreading Hellenism Greek culture, language, thought and way of life as far as India.
Babylonian Captivity
a period of time in 587 B.C when the survivors of a Babylonian attack on the southern kingdom of Judah were sent into exile in Babylonia
Pharaoh
the leader of religious and political life in the Old Kingdom, he commanded the wealth resources and people of Egypt
Natural law
stoic concept that as all men were brothers, partook divine reason, and were in harmony with the universe, one law a part of natural order of life governed them all
Covenant
a formal agreement between people
Tyche
means fate or chance or doom, a capricious and sometime malevolent force
Cuneiform
Sumerian form of writing, used to describe the strokes of the stylus
Baal
an ancient semitic fertility god represented as a golden calf
Clients
free men and women who were dependent on the nobility in return for their labor they recieived small plots of land to work for themselves
Monotheism
the belief in one god: when appiled to Egypt it means that only Aton among the trandtional Egyptian deities was god
Pyramid
the burial place of pharaohs; also symbolized the kings power and his connection with the sun god
Sovereign
independent, autonomous state run by it's citizens, free of any outside power or restraint
Polytheism
the worship of several gods; this was the tradition of Egyptian religion
Amon- Ra
an Egyptian god, consisting of Amon, a primevial sky-god, and Ra, the sun god
Book of the Dead
an Egyptian book that preserved their ideas about death and the afterlife it explains that after death the soul left the body to become part of the divine
Heliocentric theory
theory of Aristrachus that the earth and the planets revolve around the sun
Koine
a common dialect of the greek language that infulenced the speech of peninsular Greece
Bronze Age
the period in which the production and use of bronze implements became basic to society; bronze made farming more efficient and revoluntionized warfare
Stoicism
the most popular of Hellenistic philosophy, it considers nature an expression of divine will, people could be happy only when living accordance with nature
Ahuramazda
the chief Iranian god who was the creator and benefactor of all living creatures; unlike Yahweh, he was not a lone god
Theocracy
government ruled by a priestly order
Law Code
a proclamation issued by the Babylonian king Hammurabi to establish law and justice in the language of the land, thereby prompting the welfare of the people

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