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Abnormal Psych Vocabulary for Chapter 1

Terms

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The scientific study of abnormal behavior in order to describe, predict, explain and change abnormal patterns of functioning.
Abnormal Psychology
A society's stated and unstated rules for proper conduct.
Norms
A people's common history, values, isnstitutions, habits, skills, technology and arts
Culture
A procedure designed to help change abnormal behavior into more normal behavior.
Treatment
An ancient operation in which a stone instrument was used to cut away a circular section of the skull, perhaps to treat abnormal behavior.
trephination
The practice in early societies of treating abnormality by coaxing evil spirits to leave the person's body.
exorcism
According to Greek and Roman physicians, bodily chemicals that influence mental and physical functioning.
Humors
A type of institution that first became popular in the sixteenth century to provide care for persons with mental disorders. Most became virtual prisons.
Asylum
A nineteenth century approach to treating people with mental dysfunctions that emphasized moral guidance and humane and respectful treatment.
Moral Treatment
State run public mental institutions in the US
State hospitals
The view that abnormal psychological functioning has physical causes.
Somatogenic Perspective
The view that the chief causes of abnormal functioning are psychological.
Psychogenic Perspective
Either the theory or the treatment of abnormal mental functioning that emphasizes unconscious psychological forces as the cause of psychopathology.
Psychoanalysis
Drugs that mainly affect the brain and reduce many symptoms of mental dysfunctioning.
Psychotropic medications
The practice begun in the 1960's of relaeasing hundreds of thousands of patients from public mental hospitals.
Deinstitutionalization
Interventions aimed at deterring mental disorders before they can develop.
Prevention
The study and enhancement of positive feelings, traits and abilities.
A system of health care coverage in which the insurance company largely controls the nature, scope and cost of medical or psychological services.
A general understanding of the nature, causes and treatments of abnormal psychological functioning in the form of laws or principles.
Nomothetic Understanding
The process of systematically gathering and evaluating information through careful observations to gain an understanding of a phenomenon.
Scientific Method
A detailed account of a person's life and psychological problems.
Case Study
A research procedure used to determine how much events or characteristics very along with each other.
Correlational Method
A study that measures the incidence and prevelance of a disorder in a given time.
Prevelance
A study that observes the same subjects on many occasions over a long period of time.
Longitudinal Study
A research procedure in which a variable is manipulated and the effect of the manipulation is observed.
Experiment
The variable in an experiment that is manipulated to determine whether it has an effect on another variable.
Independent variable
The variable in an experiment that is expected to change as the independent variable is manipulated.
Dependent variable
In an experiment a group of subjects who are not exposed to the independent variable.
Control Group
In an experiment the subjects who are exposed to the independent variable under investigation.
Experimental Group
A selection procedure that ensures that subjects are randomly placed either in the control group or in the experimental group.
Random Assignment
An experiment in which subjects do not know whether they are in the experimental or control condition.
Blind design
An experiment which makes use of control and experimental groups that already exist in the world at large.
Quasi experiment
An experiment in which nature, rather than an experimenter manipulates an independent variable.
Natural experiment
A research method in which the experimenter produces abnormal like behavior in laboratory subjects and then studies the subjects.
Analogue experiment
An experiment which measures a single subject both before and after the manipulation of an independent variable.
Single subject experiment

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