drugs 20
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- anhedonia
- the absence of pleasure
- erythroxylum coca
- coca plant, native to s america; schedule II
- laudanum
- coined by paracelsus, his secret medicinal mix
- addiction mechanism
- drugs with addiction potential cause the release or enhancementof activity down the ventral tegmentum, nucleus accumbens, frontal cortex pathway
- smoking opium
- developed in asia; developed opium pipe; started when european seafarers introduced smoking
- William Bennett
- Director of Office of National drug Control Policy; had gambling problem but denied it
- freebase "crack" cocaine
- made from the water soluble salt, more easily vaporized, can be smoked; much more dangerous b/c of rapid onset, high addictive potential, greater toxicity
- thebaine
- opium with little potency; used as synthetic precursos to derive other useful things
- first opium war
- 1839-1842, small battles where British forced some ports to stay open to bring opium; british won; produced the Treaty of Nanking in 1842, where hong kong was given to britain
- medicinal effects of opium
- analgesic, anxiolytic, sedative, cough suppresion, decreased intestinal motility
- cocaine
- interacts with reuptake transports for norepinephrine and dopamine and blocks them; physiological effects are the same as amphetamine; extremely high addiction potential
- opium
- if u let poppy flower fall off, a pod remains, if u dry the pod the seeds are used for eating but if u slice the pod and let the ooze flow out, this is what that is
- etorphine
- 1000 times more potent that morphine
- codeine
- 1% opium
- James Olds
- conducted experiments on rates in 1954 that gave insight to addiction; rats preferred mental stimulation to food, and would feel pain in order to get the stimulation
- origin of opium poppy
- mediterraneon europe 5k-8k years ago
- morphine
- 10% opium
- Companies of opium
- BEIC made large-scale production of opium in India; sold opium to chinese for their tea and silk, but the chinese resisted with "First opium war" in 1839
- origin of the word opium
- from the Greek word 'opos'
- second opium war
- 1856-1860; much bloodier than first one
- Friedrich Wilhelm Sertuner
- pharmacist who in 1803 purified opium into a crystalline substance powder, named it morphine after Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams; first person to extract a chemical substance and purify it
- nucleus accumbens
- part of the limbic system involved in aspects of emotion
- heroin
- diacetylmorphine; a synthetic modification of morphine; 3x stronger than morphine b/c it crosses the BBB more easily; made illegal in the Harrison Narcotics Act to set an example of fighting addiction
- jean cocteau
- french poet; was addicted to opium; wrote the book "Opium: The Diary of a Cure"
- traditonal method of using coca
- coca mixed with calcium carbonate, which makes the coca less acidic b/c it has an extra proton
- papaver somniferum
- opium poppy; schedule II; one of only 2 plants listed as contolled (other is peyote cactus)
- euphorigenic
- chemicals that induce euphoria, including cocaine, amphetamine, heroin, nicotine
- bio-psycho-social condition
- conditions of addiction
- levomethamphetamine
- left version of meth. less potent, used in inhalers
- dextomethamphetamine
- right version of meth. more potent, ileegal