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Module 4/Medical Terms

Terms

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ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (ah-KWI-erd im-u-no-dehFISH-en-se SIN-drom
suppression or deficiency of the immune system caused by exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus.
ACROMEGALY (ak-ro-MEG-ah-le):
enlargement of extremities as a result of thickening of bones and soft tissues; caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland (after completion of puberty).
ACUTE (ah-KUT
sharp, sudden, and intense for a short period of time.
ADENITIS (ad-en-NI-tis):
inflammation of a gland.
ADENOCARCINOMA. (ah-deh-no-kar-sih-NO-mah):
cancerous tumor derived from glandular cells.
ADENOIDS (AD-eh-noidz):
enlarged lymphatic tissue in the upper part of the throat near the nasal passageways.
ADENOIDECTOMY (ah-deh-noyd-EK-to-me):
removal of adenoids.
ADENOMA (ah-deh-NO-mah):
benign tumor of glandular cells.
ADENOPATHY (ah-deh-NOP-ah-the):
disease of glands. Often this term means enlargement of lymph nodes (which are not true glands, but collections of lymphatic tissue).
ADNEXA UTERI (ad-NEKS-ah U-ter-i):
accessory structures of the uterus (ovaries, and fallopian tubes).
ADRENAL CORTEX (ad-DRE-nal KOR-teks):
outermost part of the adrenal gland. The adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones such as glucocorticoids (cortisone).
ADRENAL GLANDS (ah-DRE-nal glanz):
two endocrine glands, each above a kidney. The adrenal glands produce hormones such as adrenalin (epinephrine) and hydrocortisone (cortisol).
ADRENALECTOMY (ah-dre-nal-EK-to-me):
removal (excision) of adrenal glands.
ADRENOPATHY (ah-dre-NOP-a-the):
disease of adrenal glands.
AIDS
see ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME.
AIR SACS (ayr-saks):
thin-walled sacs within the lung. Inhaled oxygen passes into the blood from the sacs, and carbon dioxide passes out from the blood into the sacs to be exhaled.
ALBUMINURIA (al-bu-men-U-re-ah):
albumin (protein) in the urine; indicating malfunction of the kidney.
ALLERGIST (AL-er-jist):
medical doctor specializing in identifying and treating abnormal sensitivity to foreign substances such as pollen, dust, foods, and drugs.
ALOPECIA (ah-lo-PE-shah):
loss of hair; baldness.
ALVEOLAR (al-VE-o-lar):
pertaining to air sacs (alveoli) within the lungs.
ALVEOLUS (al-ve-O-Ius):
an air sac within the lung (pl. alveoli).
AMENORRHEA (a-men-o-RE-ah):
absence of menstrual periods.
AMNIOCENTESIS (am-ne-o-sen-TE-sis):
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the amnion (sac surrounding the developing fetus).
ANAL (A-nal):
pertaining to the anus (opening of the rectum to the outside of the body).
LYSIS (ah-NAIL-ih-sis):
separating a substance into its component parts.
ANEMIA (ah-NE-me-ah):
reduced amount of oxygen to body tissues. This may result from deficiencies and abnormalities of red blood cells or loss of blood. Literally, anemia means lacking (AN-) in blood (-EMIA).
ANEMIC (ah-NE-mik):
pertaining to ANEMIA.
ANESTHESIOLOGIST (an-es-the-ze-OL-o-jist):
medical doctor specializing in administering agents capable of bringing about loss of sensation and consciousness.
ANESTHESIOLOGY (an-es-the-ze-OL-o-je):
study of how to administer agents capable of bringing about loss of sensation and consciousness.
ANEURYSM (AN-u-rizm):
localized widening of the wall of an artery, vein, or of the heart. From ANA- meaning "throughout" and EURUS meaning "wide."
ANGINA (an-JI-nah):
sharp pain in the chest resulting from a decrease in blood supply to heart muscle; also called angina pectoris (chest).
ANGIOGRAPHY (an-je-OG-rah-fe):
x-ray recording of blood vessels after contrast is injected.
ANGIOPLASTY (AN-je-o-plas-te):
surgical repair of a blood vessel. A tube (catheter) is placed in a clogged artery and a balloon in the end of the tube is inflated to flatten the clogged material against the wall of the artery. This enlarges the diameter of the artery so that more blood can pass through. Also called balloon angioplasty.
ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS (ang-ki-LO-sing spon-dih-LI-tis):
chronic inflammation of the vertebrae (backbones) with stiffening of spinal joints so that movement becomes increasingly painful.
ANKYLOSIS (ang-ki-LO-sis):
stiffening and immobility of a joint due to injury, disease, or surgical procedure.
ANTIARRHYTHMIC (an-te-ah-RITH-mik):
an irregularity; deviation from the normal. A congenital anomaly (irregularity) is present at birth.
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE (an-ti-hi-per-TEN-siv):
drug that reduces high blood pressure.
ANURIA (an-U-re-ah):
no urine formation by the kidney.
ANUS (A-nus):
opening of the rectum to the surface of the body; solid wastes (feces) leave the body through the anus.
AORTA (a-OR-tah):
largest artery; it leads from the left ventricle of the heart to arteries throughout the body.
AORTIC STENOSIS (a-OR-tik steh-NO-sis):
narrowing of the aorta.
APEX (A-peks):
pointed end of an organ. Plural is apices (A-pih-sez).
APHAKIA (ah-FA-ke-ah):
absence of the lens of the eye.
APNEA (AP-ne-ah):
not (A-) able to breathe (PNEA).
APPENDECTOMY (ap-en-DEK-to-me):
removal of the appendix.
APPENDICITIS (ap-en-dih-SI-tis):
inflammation of the appendix.
APPENDIX (ah-PEN-dikz):
small sac that hangs from the juncture of the small and large intestines in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Its function is unknown.
AREOLA (ah-RE-o-lah):
dark, pigmented area around the nipple of the breast.
ARRHYTHMIA (a-RITH-me-ah):
abnormal heart rhythm.
ARTERIOLE (ar-TER-e-ol):
a small artery.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS (ar-ter-e-o-skle-RO-sis):
hardening of arteries. The most common form is atherosclerosis, which is hardening of arteries caused by collection of fatty, cholesterol-like deposits (plaque) in arteries.
ARTERY (AR-ter-e):
largest blood vessel. Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
ARTHRALGIA (ar-THRAL-je-ah):
pain in a joint.
ARTHRITIS (ar-THRI-tis):
inflammation of a joint.
ARTHROCENTESIS (ar-thro-sen-TE-sis):
surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint.
ARTHROGRAM (AR-thro-gram):
x-ray record of a joint.
ARTHROPATHY (ar-THROP-ah-the):
disease of joints.
ARTHROSCOPE (AR-thro-skop):
an instrument to examine the inside of a joint.
ARTHROSCOPY (ar-THROS-ko-pe):
process of visual examination of a joint.
ARTHROSIS (ar-THRO-sis):
abnormal condition of a joint.
ASCITES (ah-SI-tez):
abnormal collection of fluid in the abdomen.
ASPHYXIA (as-FIK-se-ah):
deficiency of oxygen in the blood and increase in carbon dioxide in blood and tissues. Major symptom is a complete absence of breathing.
ASTHMA (AZ-mah):
difficult breathing caused by spasm of bronchial tubes or swelling of their mucous membrane lining.
ATELECTASIS (ah-teh-LEK-tah-sis):
collapsed lung (ATEL meaning "incomplete"; -ECTASIS meaning "widening or dilation").
ATHEROSCLEROSIS (ah-theh-ro-skle-RO-sis):
see ARTERIOSCLEROSIS.
ATRIUM (A-tre-um):
upper chamber of the heart (pl. atria).
ATROPHY (AT-ro-fe):
decrease in size of an organ.
AUDITORY CANAL (AW-dih-to-re kah-NAL):
passageway leading into the ear from the outside of the body.
AUDITORY NERVE (AW-dih-to-re nurve):
carries messages from the inner ear to the brain, making hearing possible.
AURA (AW-rah): a
a strange sensation that often precedes a migraine headache, warning the patient that an attack is beginning.
AURAL DISCHARGE (AW-rah DIS-charge):
fluid or material from the ear.
AUTOPSY (AW-top-se):
postmortem examination of organs and tissue of the body to determine cause of death. Also called necropsy. Literally, to see (-OPSY) with one's own (AUTO-) eyes.
AXIAL (AKS-e-al):
pertaining to an axis (a line through the center of a body or about which a structure revolves).
AXILLARY (AKS-ih-lar-e):
pertaining to the armpit or underarm.
BACTERIUM (bak-TE-re-um):
a type of one-celled organism, whose genetic material (DNA) is not organized within a nucleus (pl. bacteria).
BALANITIS (bah-lah-NI-tis):
inflammation of the skin of the glans penis.
BARIUM (BAH-re-um):
substance used as an opaque (x-rays can't pass through it) contrast medium for x-ray examination of the digestive tract.
IUM ENEMA (BAH-re-um EN-eh-mah):
x-ray image of the lower digestive tract after injecting a solution of barium into the rectum.
BARIUM MEAL (SWALLOW) (BAH-re-um mel):
x-ray image of the upper digestive tract after swallowing a solution of barium.
N PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA (be-NIN pro-STAH-tik hi-per-PIA-zeah):
nonmalignant enlargement of prostate gland.
BILATERAL (bi-LAT-er-al):
pertaining to two (both) sides.
BILE (bil):
a yellow or orange fluid produced by the liver. It breaks up large fat globules and helps the digestion of fats.
BILE DUCT (bil dukt):
tube that carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the intestine.
BILIRUBIN (bil-ih-RU-bin):
a red blood cell pigment excreted with bile from the liver into the intestine.
BIOLOGY (bi-OL-o-je):
study of life.
BIOPSY (BI-op-se): 
a representative sample of tissue for microscopic examination.
BLADDER (BLAD-der):
see URINARY BLADDER.
BONE (b6n):
hard, rigid type of connective tissue that makes up most of the skeleton. It is composed of calcium salts.
BONE MARROW (b6n MAH-ro):
soft, sponge-like material in the inner part of bones. Blood cells are made in the bone marrow.
BRADYCARDIA (bra-de-KAR-de-ah):
slow heartbeat.
BRAIN (bran):
organ in the head that controls the activities of the body
BREAST (brest):
one of two glandular organs in front of the chest. The breasts produce milk after childbirth.
BRONCHIAL TUBE (BRONG-ke-al tube):
one of two tubes that carry air from the windpipe to the lungs. Also called a bronchus (pl. bronchi).
BRONCHIOLE (BRONG-ke-OL):
small bronchial tube
BRONCHIOLITIS (brong-ke-o-LI-tis):
inflammation of bronchioles.
BRONCHITIS (brong-KI-tis):
inflammation of bronchial tubes.
BRONCHOSCOPE (BRON-ko-skop):
instrument to visually examine bronchial tubes.
BRONCHOSCOPY (bron-KOS-ko-pe):
visual examination of bronchial tubes by passing an endoscope through the trachea (windpipe) into the bronchi.
BRONCHUS (BRONG-kus):
see BRONCHIAL TUBE.
BURSA (BUR-sah):
sac of fluid near a joint; pl. bursae (BUR-see).
CALCANEUS (kal-KA-ne-us):
heel bone.
CALCULUS (KAL-ku-lus):
a stone; pl. calculi (KAL-ku-1i).
CAPILLARY (KAP-il-lar-e):
smallest blood vessel (pl. capillaries).
CARBON DIOXIDE (KAHR-bon di-OK-sid):
an odorless, colorless gas formed in tissues and eliminated by the lungs.
CARCINOMA (kar-sih-NO-mah):
cancerous tumor. Carcinomas form in epithelial tissue, which line the internal organs as well as cover the outside of the body.
CARDIAC (KAR-de-ak):
pertaining to the heart.
CARDIOLOGIST (kar-de-OL-o-jist):
physician specializing in the study of the heart and heart disease.
CARDIOLOGY (kar-de-OL-o-je):
study of the heart.
CARDIOMEGALY (kar-de-o-MEG-ah-le):
enlargement of the heart.
CARDIOMYOPATHY (kar-de-o-mi-OP-ah-the):
disease of heart muscle.
CARDIOVASCULAR SURGEON (kar-de-o-VAS-ku-lar SUR-jin):
specialist in performing surgery on the heart and blood vessels.
CARPALS (KAR-pa1z):
wrist bones.
CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME (KAR-pal TUN-el SIN-drom):
a group of symptoms resulting from compression of the median nerve in the wrist. Symptoms include tingling, pain, and burning sensations in the hand and wrist.
CARTILAGE (KAR-tih-lij):
flexible, fibrous connective tissue, found attached to bones and at the ends of bones at the joints.
CATARACT (KAT-ah-raht):
clouding of the lens of the eye.
CAT SCAN (kat scan):
computerized axial tomography. See CT SCAN.
CELL (sel),:
smallest unit or part of an organ.
CELLULITIS (sel-u-LI-tis):
inflammation of the skin; marked by swelling, redness, and pain and caused by bacterial infection.
CEPHALGIA (seh-FAL-je-ah):
headache. Shortened form of cephalalgia.
CEPHALIC (seh-FAL-ik):
pertaining to the head.
CEREBELLAR (ser-eh-BEL-ar):
pertaining to the cerebellum.
CEREBELLUM (ser-eh-BEL-um):
lower, back part of the brain that coordinates muscle movement and balance.
CERVICAL (SER-vi-kal):
pertaining to the neck of the body or the neck (cervix) of the uterus.
CERVICAL REGION (SER-vi-kal RE-jin):
seven backbones in neck region.
CERVICAL VERTEBRA (SER-vi-kal VER-teh-brah):
a backbone in the neck.
CERVIX (SER-viks):
the lower, neck-like portion of the uterus opening into the vagina.
CESAREAN SECTION (seh-ZAR-re-an SEK-shun):
surgical incision into the uterus to remove the fetus at birth.
CHEMOTHERAPY (ke-mo-THER-ah-pe):
treatment with drugs; most often used in treatment for cancer.
CHOLECYSTECTOMY (ko-le-sis-TEK-to-me):
removal of the gallbladder.
CHOLEDOCHOTOMY (ko-led-o-KOT-o-me):
incision of the common bile duct.
CHOLELITHIASIS (ko-le-lih-THI-ah-sis):
abnormal condition of gallstones.
CHONDROMA (kon-DRO-mah):
benign tumor of cartilage.
CHRONIC (KRON-ik):
lasting over a long period of time.
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (KRON-ik ob-STRUKtiv PUL-mo-na-re DEH-zes):
chronic limitation in airflow into and out of the lungs; includes chronic bronchitis, ASTHMA, and EMPHYSEMA.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (SER-ku-lah-tor-e SIS-tem):
organs (heart and blood vessels) that carry blood throughout the body.
CIRRHOSIS (seh-RO-sis):
liver disease with deterioration of liver cells; often caused by alcoholism and poor nutrition.
CLAVICLE (K1AV-ih-kuh1):
collar bone.
CLINICAL (KLIN-eh-kal):
pertaining to the bedside or clinic; involving patient care.
COCCYGEAL (kok-sih-JE-al):
pertaining to the tailbone (coccyx).
COCCYGEAL REGION (kok-sih-JE-al RE-jin):
four fused (joined together) bones at the base of the spinal column (backbone).
COCCYX (KOK-siks):
tailbone.
COLITIS (ko-LI-tis):
inflammation of the colon (large intestine).
COLON (KO-lon):
large intestine (bowel).
COLONIC POLYPOSIS (ko-LON-ik pol-ih-PO-sis):
growths or masses protruding from the mucous membrane lining the colon.
COLONOSCOPY (ko-lon-OS-ko-pe):
visual examination of the colon.
COLORECTAL SURGEON (ko-lo-REK-tal SUR-jin):
physician specializing in operating on the colon and rectum.
COLOSTOMY (ko-LOS-to-me): 
artificial opening of the colon to the outside of the body.
COLPOSCOPY (kol-POS-ko-pe):
visual examination of the vagina and cervix.
CONCUSSION (kon-KUS-un): 
traumatic injury to the brain resulting from a blow to the head.
CONGENITAL ANOMALY (con-JEN-ih-tal ah-NOM-ah-le):
see ANOMALY.
CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE (kon-JES-tiv hart FAIL-ur):
the heart is unable to pump the required amount of blood resulting in inadequate oxygen to body cells.
CONIZATION (ko-nih-ZA-shun):
removal of a wedge-shaped piece (cone) of tissue from the cervix as diagnosis and treatment of early cancer of the cervix.
CONJUNCTIVA (kon-junk-TI-vah):
thin protective membrane over the front of the eye and attached to the eyelids.
CONJUNCTIVITIS (kon-junk-ti-VI-tis
inflammation of the CONJUNCTIVA.
CONNECTIVE TISSUE (kon-NEK-tiv TIS-u):
fibrous tissue that supports and connects internal organs, bones, and walls of blood vessels.
CORIUM (KOR-e-um):
middle layer of the skin below the epidermis; DERMIS.
CORNEA (KOR-ne-ah):
transparent layer over the front of the eye. It bends light to focus it on sensitive cells (retina) at the back of the eye.
CORONAL PLANE (kor-0-nal playn):
see FRONTAL PLANE.
CORONARY (KOR-on-ary):
pertaining to the heart. Coronary arteries branch from the aorta (largest artery) to bring oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle.
CORTEX (KOR-teks):
outer part of an organ; pl. cortices (KOR-teh-sez).
CORTISOL (KOR-tih-sol):
anti-inflammatory hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex.
COSTOCHONDRITIS (kos-to-kon-DRI-tis):
inflammation of a rib and its cartilage.
COSTOCHONDRAL (kos-to-KON-dral):
pertaining to a rib and its cartilage.
CRANIAL CAVITY (KRA-ne-al KAV-ih-te):
the space surrounded by the skull and containing the brain.
CRANIOTOMY (kra-ne-OT-o-me):
incision into the skull.
CRANIUM (KRA-ne-um):
skull.
CREATININE (kre-AT-tih-nin):
nitrogen-containing waste that is removed from the blood by the kidney and excreted in urine.
CROHN'S DISEASE (kron dih-zes):
inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract marked by bouts of diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and fever. Along with ulcerative colitis, it is a type of INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE.
CRYPTORCHISM (kript-OR-kism):
undescended (CRYPT- means "hidden") testicle. The testicle is not in the scrotal sac at birth.
CT SCAN:
computed tomography. A series of x-ray images that show organs in cross-section (transverse view). Also called a CAT scan.
CUSHING'S SYNDROME (KOOSH-ing SIN-drom):
symptoms produced by an excess of cortisol from the adrenal cortex; marked by moon face, fatty swellings, and weakness.
CYSTITIS (sis-TI-tis):
inflammation of the urinary bladder.
CYSTOSCOPE (SIS-to-skop):
instrument (endoscope) to view the urinary bladder
CYSTOSCOPY (sis-TOS-ko-pe):
visual examination of the urinary bladder
CYTOLOGY (si-TOL-o-je):
study of cells
DEBRIDEMENT (de-BREED-ment):
removal of diseased tissue from the skin
DEMENTIA (deh-MEN-shah):
loss of memory and mental abilities
DERMATITIS (der-mah-TI-tis):
inflammation of the skin.
DERMATOLOGIST (der-mah-TOL-o-jist):
physician specializing in the skin and its diseases
DERMATOSIS (der-mah-TO-sis):
any abnormal condition of the skin.
DERMIS (DER-mis):
fibrous middle layer of the skin below the epidermis. It contains nerves and blood vessels, hair roots, oil and sweat glands; CORIUM.
DIABETES MELLITUS (di-ah-BE-tez MEL-Ii-tus):
disorder marked by deficient or lack of INSULIN in the blood. This causes sugar to remain in the blood rather than entering cells. Named from a Greek word meaning "siphon," through which water passes easily, one symptom of diabetes is frequent urination (polyuria). Type I or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus often affects children and requires injections of insulin. Type II or noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus occurs when insulin is not adequately or appropriately secreted. Type II diabetes has a tendency to develop later in life (adult-onset).
DIAGNOSIS (di-ag-NO-sis):
complete knowledge of patient's condition (pl. diagnoses).
DIALYSIS (di-AL-ih-sis):
complete separation (-LYSIS) of wastes (urea) from the blood when the kidneys fail. See also HEMODIALYSIS and PERITONEAL DIALYSIS
DIAPHRAGM (DI-ah-fram):
muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen.
DIARRHEA (di-ah-RE-ah):
Discharge of watery wastes from the COLON.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM (di-JES-tiv SIS-tem):
organs ingest and digest food, break it down, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates solid waste product.  This process begins in the mouth and ends at the anus.
DILATION (di-IIA-shun):
widening, dilatation
DILATION AND CURETTAGE (di-IIA-shun and kur-eh-TAJ):
widening of the opening to the cervix and scraping (curettage) of the inner lining of the uterus; D&C.
DISC (DISK):
a piece of cartilage that is between each backbone.
DIURETICS (di-u-RET-iks):
drugs that cause kidneys to allow more fluid (as urine) to leave the body; used to treat HYPERTENSION. DI- (from DIA-) means "complete" and UR- means urine.
DIVERTICULUM (di-ver-TIK-u-lum):
a small pouch or sac created by a herniation of a mucous membrane lining (often in the intestines) (pl. diverticula).
DIVERTICULOSIS (di-ver-tik-u-LO-sis):
abnormal condition of small pouches in the lining of the intestines.
DUODENAL (do-o-DE-nal):
pertaining to the duodenum
DUODENUM (do-o-DE-num):
first part of the small intestine
DYSMENORRHEA (dis-men-o-RE-ah):
painful menstrual flow.
DYSPEPSIA (dis-PEP-se-ah):
painful (DYS-) digestion (-PEPSIA).
DYSPHASIA (dis-FA-zhah):
difficult (impairment of) speech.
DYSPLASIA (dis-PLA-zhah):
abnormal development or formation of cells. Normal cells change in size, shape, and organization.
DYSPNEA (disp-NE-ah):
painful (labored, difficult) breathing (-PNEA).
DYSURIA (dis-U-re-ah):
painful or difficult urination.
EAR:
organ that receives sound waves and transmits them to nerves leading to the brain.
EARDRUM (EAR-drum):
membrane separating outer and middle part of the ear; tympanic membrane.
ECTOPIC PREGNANCY (ek-TOP-ik PREG-nan-se):
development of the fetus in a place other than the uterus. The fallopian tubes are the most common ectopic site.
EDEMA (eh-DE-mah):
swelling in tissues; often caused by retention (holding back) of fluid and salt by the kidneys
ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (e-lek-tro-KAR-de-o-gram):
record of the electrical activity in the heart.
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (e-lek-tro-en-SEF-ah-lo-gram):
record of the electrical activity in the brain
EMBRYO (EM-bre-o):
a new organism in the earliest stage of development. At the end of the second month of pregnancy, the developing baby is called a FETUS
EMERGENCY MEDICINE (e-MER-jen-se MED-ih-sin):
care of patients requiring immediate action.
EMPHYSEMA (em-fih-SE-mah):
a lung disorder in which air becomes trapped in the air sacs and bronchioles, making breathing difficult. Marked by mucus accumulation and loss of elasticity in lung tissue.
ENCEPHALITIS (en-sef-ah-LI-tis):
inflammation of the brain.
ENCEPHALOPATHY (en-sef-ah-LOP-ah-the):
disease of the brain.
ENDOCRINE GLANDS (EN-do-krin glanz):
organs that produce (secrete) hormones.
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (EN-do, krin SIS-tem):
endocrine glands. Examples of endocrine glands are the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal glands and the pancreas.
ENDOCRINOLOGIST (en-do-krih-NOL-o-jist):
specialist in the study of endocrine glands and their disorders.
ENDOCRINOLOGY (en-do-krih-NOL-o-je):
study of ENDOCRINE GLANDS.
ENDOMETRIOSIS (en-do-me-tre-0-sis):
an abnormal condition in which endometrial tissue from the inner lining of the uterus is found outside the uterus, usually in the pelvic cavity.
ENDOMETRIUM (en-do-ME-tre-um):
inner lining of the uterus.
ENDOSCOPE (EN-do-skop):
instrument to view a hollow organ or body cavity; a tube fitted with a lens system that allows viewing in different directions.
ENDOSCOPY (en-DOS-ko-pe):
process of viewing the inside of hollow organs or cavities by using an endoscope.
ENTERITIS (en-teh-RI-tis):
inflammation of the small intestine.
EPIDERMIS (ep-i-DER-mis):
the outer (EPI-) layer of the skin (-DERMIS).
EPIDURAL HEMATOMA (ep-ih-DUR-al he-mah-TO-mah):
mass of blood above the dura mater (outermost layer of membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord).
EPIGLOTTIS (ep-ih-GLOT-tis):
flap of cartilage that covers the mouth of the trachea when swallowing occurs, so that food cannot enter the airway.
EPIGLOTTITIS (ep-ih-glo-TI-tis):
inflammation of the EPIGLOTTIS.
EPILEPSY (ep-ih-LEP-se):
abnormal electrical activity in the brain results in sudden, fleeting disturbances in nerve cell functioning. An attack of epilepsy is called a SEIZURE.
EPITHELIAL (ep-ih-THE-le-al):
pertaining to skin cells. This term originally described cells upon (EPI-) the breast nipple (THELI-). Now, it indicates all cells lining the inner part of internal organs as well as covering the outside of the body.
ERYTHROCYTE (e-RITH-ro-sit):
red blood cell.
ERYTHROCYTOSIS (e-rith-ro-si-TO-sis):
abnormal condition (increase in number) of red blood cells.
ERYTHROMYCIN (e-rith-ro-MI-sin):
an antibiotic that is produced from a red (ERYTHR/0) mold (-MYCIN).
ESOPHAGEAL (e-sof-ah-JE-al):
pertaining to the esophagus
EUSTACHIAN TUBE (u-STA-she-an tub):
channel connecting the middle part of the ear with the throat.
EXCISION (ek-SIZH-un):
to cut out; remove; resect
EXOCRINE GLANDS (EK-so-krin glanz):
produce (secrete) chemicals that leave the body through tubes (ducts). Examples are tear, sweat, and salivary glands.
EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER (ek-sof-TILAL-mik GOY-ter):
enlargement of the thyroid gland accompanied by high levels of thyroid hormone in the blood and protrusion of the eyeballs (EXOPHTHALMOS).
EXOPHTHALMOS (ek-sof-THAL-mos):
abnormal protrusion of eyeballs; usually caused by HYPERTHYROIDISM.
EXTRAHEPATIC (eks-tra-heh-PAT-ik):
pertaining to outside the liver.
EXTRAPULMONARY (eks-trah-PUL-mo-nah-re):
outside the lungs.
EYE (i):
organ that receives light waves and transmits them to the brain.
FALLOPIAN TUBES (fah-LO-pe-an tubz):
two tubes that lead from the ovaries to the uterus. They transport egg cells to the uterus; also called uterine tubes.
FAMILY MEDICINE (FAM-We MED-ih-sin):
primary care of all members of the family on a continuing basis.
FELLOWSHIP TRAINING (FEL-o-ship TRA-ning):
postgraduate training for doctors in specialized fields. The training may include CLINICAL and RESEARCH (laboratory) work.
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (FE-mal re-pro-DUK-tiv SIS-tem):
organs that produce (ovary) and transport (FALLOPIAN TUBES) egg cells and secrete female hormones (ESTROGEN and PROGESTERONE). The system includes the UTERUS, where the embryo and fetus grow.
FEMUR (FE-mer): 
bone in thigh
FETUS (FE-tus):
unborn infant in the uterus after the second month of pregnancy.
FIBRILLATION (fih-brih-LA-shun):
rapid, irregular, involuntary muscular contraction. Atrial and ventricular fibrillation are cardiac (heart) ARRHYTHMIAS.
FIBROIDS (Fl-broydz):
benign growth of muscle tissue in the uterus.
FIBULA (FIB-u-lah):
smaller lower leg bone.
FIXATION (fik-SA-shun):
the act of holding, sewing, or fastening a part in a fixed position.
FLUTTER (FLUT-er):
rapid, but regular abnormal heart muscle contraction. Atrial and ventricular flutters are heart ARRHYTHMIAS.

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