The Language of Medicine by Davi-Ellen Chabner, 7th edition
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- adenoma
- Tumor of a gland.
- adenitis
- Inflammation of a gland.
- arthritis
- Inflammation of a joint.
- biology
- Study of life.
- biopsy
- To view life; microscopic examination of living tissue.
- carcinoma
- Cancerous tumor.
- cardiology
- Study of the heart.
- cephalic
- Pertaining to the head.
- cerebral
- Pertaining to the brain.
- incision
- Process of cutting into; to section.
- excision
- Process of cutting out; to resection.
- endocrine glands
- Glands that secrete hormones within the body.
- cystoscopy
- Process of visual examination of the urinary bladder.
- cytology
- Study of cells.
- dermatitis
- Inflammation of the skin.
- hypodermic
- Pertaining to under the skin.
- electrocardiogram
- Record of the electricity in the heart.
- electroencephalogram
- Record of the electricity in the brain.
- enteritis
- Inflammation of the intestines.
- erythrocyte
- Red blood cell.
- gastrectomy
- Removal of the stomach.
- gastrotomy
- Incision of the stomach.
- diagnosis
- State of complete knowledge; information gathered about a patient's illness.
- prognosis
- State of before knowledge-prediction about the outcome of a condition.
- gynecology
- Study of females and female diseases.
- hematology
- Study of blood.
- hematoma
- Collection of blood (bruise).
- hemoglobin
- Blood protein found in red blood cells. Hemoglobin carries oxygen to the cells from the lungs and carbon dioxide away from cells to the lungs.
- hepatitis
- Inflammation of the liver.
- iatrogenic
- Pertaining to produced by treatment (physician).
- leukocyte
- White blood cell.
- nephritis
- Inflammaton of the kidney.
- nephrology
- Study of the kidney.
- neurology
- Study of nerves.
- oncology
- Study of tumors.
- oncologist
- Specialist in the study of tumors.
- ophthalmoscope
- "Instrument for visual examination of the eye. Proper pronunciation helps in the spelling of this term. The initial syllable is pronounced ""off"" and is spelled ""oph."" "
- osteitis
- Inflammation of bone.
- osteoarthritis
- Inflammation of bone and joints (actually degeneration of joint tissue).
- pathology
- Study of disease.
- pathologist
- "One who studies diseases, performs autopsies, and examines biopsy samples. "
- pediatric
- Pertaining to treatment of children.
- psychology
- Study of the mind.
- psychiatrist
- Specialist in the treatment of the mind.
- radiology
- Study of x-rays.
- renal
- "Pertaining to the kidney. Ren/o (Latin) is used with -al (Latin), and nephr/o (Greek) is used with -ic (Greek). "
- rhinitis
- Inflammation of the nose.
- sarcoma
- Tumor of flesh tissue (malignant).
- resection
- "Removal; excision. From the Latin ""resecare"" meaning ""to cut back, trim or curtail."" Thus a resection is an operation wherein an organ is ""cut back"" or removed. "
- thrombocyte
- Clotting cell.
- urology
- Study of the urinary tract.
- cardiac
- Pertaining to the heart.
- neural
- Pertaining to nerves.
- arthralgia
- Pain in a joint.
- neuralgia
- Pain of nerves.
- nephrectomy
- Removal (resection) of a kidney.
- leukemia
- Condition of increase in white cells (malignancy).
- carcinogenic
- Pertaining to producing cancer.
- pathogenic
- Pertaining to producing disease.
- gastric
- Pertaining to the stomach.
- neurological
- Pertaining to the study of nerves.
- gynecologist
- Specialist in the study of females and female disorders.
- cystitis
- Inflammation of the urinary bladder.
- endocrinology
- Study of the endocrine glands.
- hepatoma
- Tumor (malignant) of the liver.
- nephrosis
- Abnormal condition of the kidney.
- leukocytosis
- Abnormal condition (slight increase in numbers) of normal white blood cells.
- enteropathy
- Disease of the intestines.
- adenopathy
- Disease of glands.
- endoscope
- Instrument to visually examine within (the body).
- endoscopy
- Process of visually examining within (the body).
- osteotomy
- Incision of a bone.
- gastroenterology
- Process of study of the stomach and intestines.
- anemia
- Decrease in erythrocytes or hemoglobin.
- autopsy
- "Self view-examination of a dead body, understand its function. "
- endocrinologist
- One who specializes in endocrine glands.
- epigastric
- Pertaining to above the stomach.
- epidermis
- Outer layer of skin; above the dermis layer.
- exocrine glands
- Glands that secrete chemicals to the outside of the body.
- hyperglycemia
- Condition of increased blood sugar.
- hypogastric
- Pertaining to below the stomach.
- hypoglycemia
- Condition of low blood sugar.
- pericardium
- Structure surrounding the heart.
- retrocardiac
- Pertaining to behind the heart.
- subhepatic
- Pertaining to below the liver.
- transhepatic
- Pertaining to across or through the liver.
- abdominal
- Pertaining to the abdomen.
- adipose
- Pertaining to fat.
- anterior
- Pertaining to the front.
- anabolism
- Process of casting (building) up materials (proteins) within cells.
- cervical
- Pertaining to the neck.
- chondroma
- Tumor of cartilage.
- chondrosarcoma
- Flesh tumor (malignant) of cartilage.
- chromosomes
- Color bodies; contain genetic material and are located in the nucleus of cell.
- coccygeal
- Pertaining to the tailbone.
- craniotomy
- Incision of the skull.
- cytoplasm
- Contents (formation) of the cell (apart from the nucleus and cell membrane).
- distal
- Pertaining to far (from the beginning of a structure).
- dorsal
- Pertaining to the back.
- histology
- Study of tissues.
- iliac
- Pertaining to the ilium.
- inguinal
- Pertaining to the groin.
- karyotype
- Picture (classification) of the nucleus (and its chromosomes).
- lateral
- Pertaining to the side.
- lumbosacral
- Pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions.
- medial
- Pertaining to the middle.
- nucleic
- Pertaining to the nucleus.
- pelvic
- Pertaining to the hip bone.
- posterior
- " Pertaining to the back, behind."
- proximal
- Pertaining to near the beginning of a structure.
- sacral
- Pertaining to the sacrum (lower back).
- spinal
- "Pertaining to the spine, backbone."
- epithelial cell
- Cell covering the surface of the skin and inner lining of body cavities and tubes.
- thoracic
- Pertaining to the chest.
- thoracotomy
- Incision of the chest.
- tracheal
- Pertaining to the windpipe.
- umbilical
- Pertaining to the navel.
- ventral
- Pertaining to the belly side of the body.
- vertebral
- Pertaining to vertebrae.
- visceral
- Pertaining to internal organs.
- anabolic
- Pertaining to casting up; building up substances (proteins) in the cell.
- catabolism
- Process of casting down; breaking down material in the cell to release energy.
- hypochondriac regions
- Pertaining to under the rib cartilages (area of the abdomen).
- intervertebral
- Pertaining to between the vertebrae.
- metabolism
- State of building up (anabolism) and breaking down (catabolism); processes in a cell.
- otalgia
- Pain in the ear.
- myalgia
- Pain of muscles.
- rectocele
- Hernia of the rectum.
- cystocele
- Hernia of the urinary bladder.
- thoracocentesis
- Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the chest (thoracentesis).
- amniocentesis
- Surgical puncture of the amnion.
- abdominocentesis
- Surgical puncture of the abdomen.
- streptococcus
- Berry-shaped (spheroidal) bacterium found in twisted chains.
- staphylococci
- Berry-shaped (spheroidal) bacteria in clusters.
- pleurodynia
- Pain in the chest wall muscles that is aggravated by breathing (literally: pain of the pleura).
- laryngectomy
- Removal of the larynx.
- mastectomy
- Removal of a breast.
- ischemia
- To hold back blood from an area of the body.
- carcinogenesis
- Condition of producing cancer.
- pathogenesis
- Condition of producing disease.
- angiogenesis
- Formation of blood vessels.
- osteogenic
- Pertaining to produced within bone.
- myelogram
- Record (x-ray) of the spinal cord.
- mammogram
- Record (x-ray) of the breast.
- electroencephalograph
- Instrument for recording the electricity in the brain.
- electroencephalography
- Process of recording the electricity in the brain.
- angiography
- Process of recording (x-ray) blood vessels.
- bronchitis
- Inflammation of the bronchi.
- tonsillitis
- Inflammation of the tonsils.
- thrombophlebitis
- Inflammation of a vein with clot formation.
- ophthalmology
- Study of the eye.
- morphology
- Study of shape or form.
- hemolysis
- Destruction of blood (breakdown of red blood cells with release of hemoglobin).
- osteomalacia
- Softening of bone.
- chondromalacia
- Softening of cartilage.
- acromegaly
- Enlargement of extremities.
- splenomegaly
- Enlargement of the spleen.
- myoma
- Tumor (benign) of muscle.
- myosarcoma
- Tumor (malignant) of muscle (a type of flesh tissue).
- multiple myeloma
- Tumor of bone marrow.
- necropsy
- Visual examination of dead bodies; autopsy (most often used for animals).
- necrosis
- Condition of death (of cells).
- hydronephrosis
- Abnormal condition of water (found) in the kidney.
- cardiomyopathy
- Disease of heart muscle.
- erythropenia
- Deficiency of red blood cells.
- neutropenia
- Deficiency in neutrophils.
- thrombocytopenia
- Deficiency of clotting cells.
- acrophobia
- Fear of heights.
- agoraphobia
- "Fear of being in open, crowded spaces (marketplace). "
- achondroplasia
- No (improper) development of cartilage.
- angioplasty
- Surgical repair of blood vessels.
- blepharoptosis
- "Prolapse, sagging of an eyelid. "
- nephroptosis
- Prolapse of a kidney.
- arteriosclerosis
- Hardening of arteries.
- laparoscope
- Instrument to visually examine the abdomen.
- laparoscopy
- Process of visual examination of the abdomen.
- metastasis
- Beyond control; spreading of a cancerous tumor.
- hemostasis
- Stopping the flow of blood (naturally by clotting or artificially by compression).
- colostomy
- New opening of the colon (to the outside of the body).
- tracheostomy
- New opening of the windpipe (to the outside of the body).
- hydrotherapy
- Treatment with water.
- chemotherapy
- Treatment with drugs.
- radiotherapy
- Treatment with x-rays.
- laparotomy
- Incision into the abdomen.
- phlebotomy
- Incision of a vein.
- hypertrophy
- Excessive development.
- atrophy
- No development; wasting away of tissue.
- radiographer
- "One who records x-rays; radiologic technologist. A person who, under the supervision of a physician, operates radiologic equipment and assists radiologists. "
- pneumonia
- Condition (abnormal) of lungs.
- nephrologist
- Specialist in the study of the kidney.
- arteriole
- Small artery.
- venule
- Small vein.
- nephropathy
- Disease of the kidney.
- peritoneal
- Pertaining to the peritoneum.
- pleural
- Pertaining to the pleura.
- tonsillar
- Pertaining to tonsils.
- pulmonary
- Pertaining to the lungs.
- axillary
- Pertaining to the armpit.
- laryngeal
- Pertaining to the voice box.
- chronic
- Long-term; over a long period of time.
- pathological
- Pertaining to the study of disease.
- adenoids
- "Resembling glands (lymphatic tissue in the throat, near the nose). "
- mucous
- Pertaining to mucus.
- apnea
- Not breathing.
- anoxia
- Without oxygen (decrease in tissues).
- abnormal
- Pertaining to away from the norm (rule); not regular.
- abductor
- One who (muscle which) leads toward the body. To admit means to send toward or permit entrance.
- adrenal glands
- Endocrine glands located above (toward) the kidneys.
- analysis
- To separate (apart). Psychoanalysis is a psychiatric treatment that explores the mind. Urinalysis (urin/o + (an)alysis) is laboratory examination of urine to aid in diagnosis.
- ante cibum
- Before meals.
- anteflexion
- Bending forward.
- antepartum
- Before birth.
- antisepsis
- Condition against infection.
- antibiotic
- Pertaining to against life (germ life).
- antigen
- A substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of antibodies.
- antibody
- Protein substance made in the body to destroy foreign antigens.
- antitoxin
- A substance (antibody) produced in response to and capable of neutralizing a toxin (such as those causing diphtheria or tetanus). Antirenin contains antitoxin specific for an animal or insect venom.
- autoimmune
- Related to making antibodies (immune substances) against one's own cells and tissues.
- bifurcation
- Forking (branching) into two; as the trachea bifurcates into two individual tubes.