Social Studies - Geography
Terms
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- What is a map projection?
- a way of drawing the Earth on a flat surface
- What is Geography?
- The study of people, their environments and their resources
- What is history?
- What has happened in the lives of different people
- What is Latitude?
- Measure of the distance NORTH and SOUTH from the Equator
- What is Longitude?
- Measure of the distance EAST and WEST from the Prime Meridian
- What is irrigation?
- to bring water to dry soil
- What are the 5 themes of Geography?
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1. location
2. place
3. interaction between people and their environment
4. movement
5. region -
The position of one city in relation to another is an example of
a. relative location
b. exact location - relative location
- The theme of PLACE involves 2 kinds of features. What are they?
-
1. physical features
2. human features - The HUMAN FEATURES of a place include 5 things. What are they?
-
1. climate
2. soil
3. plant life
4. animal life
5. bodies of water - Irrigating land to grow crops is one example of which theme?
- Interaction between people and their environment
- Movement as a theme includes the movement of 3 different things. What are they?
-
1. movement of people
2. movement of goods
3. movement of ideas - What is a REGION?
- An area of the world that has similar physical or cultural characteristics
- Describe a MOUNTAIN
- high, steep, rugged land
- What is a PLAIN?
- broad area of fairly level land
- What is a TRIBUTARY?
- a stream or smaller river that flows into a larger river
- What is CLIMATE?
- average weather of a place over 20 to 30 years
- Describe TROPICAL weather
-
hot
rainy
steamy - Name 2 TROPICAL areas:
-
Southern Florida
Hawaii - Name the 10 Climate Regions
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1. Marine
2. Mediterranean
3. Highland
4. Steppe
5. Desert
6. Humid Continental
7. Humid Subtropical
8. Tropical
9. Tundra
10. Subarctic - Describe the TUNDRA climate
- cold all year
- Where is the TUNDRA climate?
- north and west coast of Alaska
- Describe the SUBARCTIC climate
-
short summers
long, cold winters - Where is the SUBARCTIC climate?
- Alaska
- Describe the MARINE climate
-
warm summers
cool winters
rainy - Where is the MARINE climate?
- strip of land from southern Alaska to northern California
- Describe the MEDITERRANEAN climate
-
mild, wet winters
hot, dry summers - Where is the MEDITERRANEAN climate?
- California to Mexico
- Where is the DESERT climate?
- land east of the Cascades and Sierra Nevada
- Describe the STEPPE climate
-
hot summers
cold winters
little rain - Where is the STEPPE climate?
- Great Plains and east of Rocky Mountains
- Describe the HUMID CONTINENTAL climate
-
mild summers
cold winters
more rain than in steppe areas - Where is the HUMID CONTINENTAL climate?
- from North and South Dakota, North of Tennesse to the Northeast Coast of the US
- Describe the HUMID SUBTROPICAL climate?
-
humid summers
mild winters - Where is the HUMID SUBTROPICAL climate?
- Southeastern US
- Describe the HIGHLAND climate?
-
cooler temperatures
conditions vary by altitude - Where is the HIGHLAND climate?
- In the Cascades, Sierra Nevadas and Rocky Mountains
-
Give an example of how the 5 themes of Geography help historians to understand the past.
1. region
2. movement
3. interaction
4. place
5. location -
region - similar language (or climate, culture)
movement - how people got there (following resources)
interaction - how people used the land (irrigation)
place - climate helps understand the past
location- where it is (near water? near transportation?) - Name 2 kinds of map projections.
-
1. Mercator projection
2. Robinson Projection - Why is the world divided into standard time zones?
- to make it easier to tell time around the world
- What are the 4 basic land forms?
-
1. mountains
2. hills
3. plains
4. plateaus - Name the 8 major physical regions of the United States:
-
1. Pacific Coast
2. Intermountain
3. Rocky Mountains
4. Interior Plains
5. Appalachian Mountains
6. Coastal Plains
7. Canadian Shield
8. Hawaii - How many time zones are there?
- 24
- The equator divides the earth into:
- the Northern and the Southern Hemispheres
- The Prime Meridian divides the earth into two hemispheres called the ____
- The Eastern and the Western Hemispheres
- Standard time is measured from where?
- the Prime Meridian
- Where is the Prime Meridian located?
- in Greenwich, England
- How many degrees are in each time zone?
- 15 degrees
- How many different TYPES of maps are there?
- 5
- What does a political map show?
- boundaries that divide countries and states
- What does a physical map show?
- natural features like mountains and rivers
- What does a population map show?
- how many people live in various city and rural areas
- What does an economic map show?
- how people make a living in an area
- What does a natural resource map show?
- helps you understand the links between the resources inan area and the way people use the land
- What are 2 aspects of climate?
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1. precipitation
2. temperature - What are 5 things that affect climate?
-
1. closeness to the equator
2. altitude
3. ocean currents
4. wind currents
5. mountains - What is altitude?
- height above sea level
- How do geographers describe the exact location of a place?
- use degrees of longitude and latitude
- what is an isthmus
- a narrow strip of land
- what is relief?
- difference in height of land
- What are the 2 parts of the Coastal Plains?
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1. the Atlantic Plain
2. the Gulf Plain - Where does the Atlantic Plain run?
- 1. between the Appalachian Mountains and the Atlantic Ocean
- What is the most important river system in the United States?
- Missouri and the Mississippi rivers
- What are landstat maps?
- maps taken fo the Earth by the first satellite
- What are two useful tools of geography?
- maps and globes