Rush Inorganic Chemistry Vocab Ad Bio
Terms
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- Matter
- Anything that takes up space and has mass
- Atom
- Smallest funtional unit of matter
- Element
- A specific type of atom
- Proton
- A positively charged particle in the nucleus that has a mass of 1 AMU
- Neutron
- A particle in the nucleus with no charge and a mass of 1 AMU
- Electron
- A particle that orbits the nucleus in shells that has a negative charge and no mass
- Nucleus
- The center part of an atom that contains protons and neutrons
- Shell
- Areas around the nucleus that contain orbiting electrons
- Bohr Diagram
- A 2 dimensional drawing of an atom
- Atomic Symbol
- The standard abbreviation for an element
- Atomic Number
- The number of protons in an element
- Atomic Mass
- The average weight of an element which is equal to the protons plus the neutrons
- Molecule
- A combination of 2 or more atoms
- Compound
- A specific type of molecule
- Isotope
- An atom with a variant number of neutrons and thus a variant atomic mass
- Ion
- A charged atom due to a variant number of electrons
- Bond
- An attraction between atoms due to the exchange of electrons
- Oxidation
- The loss of electrons
- Reduction
- The gain of electrons
- Ionic Bond
- An attraction between atoms in which electrons are transferred from one to another
- Covalent Bond
- An attraction between atoms in which electrons are shared between atoms
- Single Bond
- One pair of shared electrons
- Double Bond
- Two pairs of shared electrons
- Triple Bond
- Three pairs of shared electrons
- Hydrogen Bond
- A weak attraction between polar molecules
- Polar Molecule
- A molecule in which the electrons are unequally shared causing a positive area and negative area
- Catalyst
- A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
- Electrolyte
- A substance that releases ions in a solution
- Acid
- A substance that releases Hydrogen ions in a solution thus decreasing the pH
- Base
- A substance that releases Hydroxyl ions in a solution thus increasing the pH
- Salt
- The product of an acid-base reaction
- Buffer
- A substance that absorbs hydrogen and hydroxyl ions thus stabilizing the pH
- pH
- A measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution