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Chapter 15

Themes &Variations
Weiten
4th Ed.

Terms

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[Old] Antidepressant
Tricyclics (Elavil)
Language Barrier
Hospitals/agencies = not staffed w/ language-speaking professionals of minority groups
Tardive Dyskinesia
Neurological disorder: Involuntary writing &ticklike mvts of mouth, tongue, face, hands, or feet
[Prominent] Antipsychotic
Haldol (Haloperidol)
Benzodiazephine
Tranquilizers/Old antianxiety drug: Valium &Xanax (effect = almost immediate)
Rogers' Cognitive Therapy
(Insight therapy) Recognition &change of negative thoughts &maladaptive beliefs
Social Skills Training
(Behavior therapy) Improve interpersonal skills by emphasizing modeling, shaping, &behavioral rehearsal
[Prominent] Antipsychotic
Thorazine (Chlorpromazine)
Psychiatric Nurse
(Bachelor's/Master's degree) Treatment team with a psychologist/psychiatrist
Counseling Psychologist
Specialize in the diagnosis &treatment of psychological disorders &everyday behavioral problems--Treatment of everyday adjustment
[New] Antidepressant
Zoloft (Sertraline)
Eysenck
Claimed that Insight Therapies had no sound evidence in efficiency
Humanistic Perspective
Client-Centered Therapy (Rogers)
Counselor
(Master's degree) Specialize in specific probs: marital, vocational, rehab &drug
Electromyograph (EMG)
Enhances relaxation/Measures skeletal-muscular tension
Theoretical Integration
(Eclectism) 2/more systems of therapy combined to take advg of each strength
Buspar (Buspirone)
New antianxiety drug (effect = 1-3 weeks)
Antidepressant [Drugs]
Elevate mood &help bring people out of depression: Tricyclics &MAO inhibitors (old), Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft (new)
Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT or Electroshock Therapy)
(Biomedical Therapy) Electric shock used to produce cortical seizure + convulsions
Emetic Drug
Causes nausea + vomiting
Systematic Desensitization
(Behavior Therapy) Reduce phobic clients' anxiety responses through counterconditioning (conditioned stumuls elicits relaxation not anxiety)
Psychodynamic Approaches
Freud's psychoanalysis developed over time
Eclectism
Drawing ideas form 2/more systems of therapy rather than just 1
Community Mental Health Centers
Facilities providing comprehensive mental health care for their local communities
Interpretation
Therapist's attempts to explain the inner significance of client's thought, feelings, memories, &behavior
Mental Hospital
Medical institution specializing in providing inpatient care for psychological disorders
[Old] Antidepressant
MAO Inhibitors (Nardel)
[Prominent] Antipsychotic
Mellaril (Thioridazine)
Free Association
Clients express thoughts &feelings exactly as they occur with little censorship
Group Therapy
[WWII + aftermath = Demand for ] Simultaneous treatment of several clients in a group
Resistance
Unconscious defense manuevers intended to hinder the process of therapy
Psychoanalysis
(Insight Therapy) Focus on recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives, &defense through free association &tranference
Behavioral Perspective
Behavior Therapies (Wolpe, Bandura)
Cognitive Perspective
Cognitive Therapies (Beck, Ellis)
Dream Analysis
Therapist interprets symbolic meaning of client's dreams
[New] Antidepressant
Paxil (Paroxetine)
Beck's Cognitive Therapy
Changing how clients think about their lives--Reeducate to detect/challenge neg. thoughts
Behavior Therapy
Application of learning principles to direct efforts to change clients' maladaptive behaviors
Institutional Barrier
Cultural Gap = therapists are trained to treat white, middle-class Americans
Antipsychotic [Drugs]
Used to reduce psychotic symptoms: Thorazine, Mellaril, Haldol (prominent)
Deinstitutionalization
Transferring the treatment of mental illness form inpatient institution to community-based facilities emphasizing outpatient care
Neuroses (Freud)
Phobic, Panic, OCD, &Conversion Disorders (unconscious conflicts from early childhood/Inner conflicts: id v. ego v superego over sex./agrsv impulses)
Psychiatrist
Specialize in the diagnosis &treatment of psychological disorders--M.D. degree (4 yrs med school + 4 yrs apprenticeship)
Incongruence
Rogers: personal distress due to "incongruence" btwn a person's self-concept &reality
Defense Mechanisms
Self-Defeating behaviors
Aversion Therapy
(Behavior therapy) Aversive stimulus paired with stimulus that elicits undesirable response
Insight Therapy
Verbal interactions intended to enhance clients' self-knowledge &thus promote healthful changes in personality &behavior
Psychopharmacotherapy (Drug Therapy)
Treatment of mental disorders with medication
John F. Kennedy
First President to address nation about mental helath
Modern Psychotherapy
Emerged during second half of 19th century in Europe &America
Access Barrier
Lack of health insurance restricts options in pursuing treatment
Antianxiety [Drugs]
Relieve tension, apprehension, &nervousness: Valium &Xanax (old), Buspar/Buspirone (new)
Clinical Social Worker
(Master's degree) Treament team with a psychologist/psychiatrist--Work with patients+families to ease patient's integration into community
Biomedical Therapy
Physiological interventions reducing symptoms of psychological disorders
Lithium
Chemical used to control mood swings in patients with bipoloar mood disorders
Client-Centered Therapy
(Insight Therapy) Providing a supportive emotional climate for clients, who play a major role in pace &direction of their therapy
Spontaneous Remission
Recovery from a disorder without formal treatment
Dix
Started U.S. national netweork of state-funded mental hospitals (1840s)
Clozaril (Clozapine)
Non-traditional antipsychotic: Exerts subtypes of dopamine &serotonin receptors
Cultural Barrier
Some cultural groups prefer to rely on assistance from people who share heritage (family, clergy, elders) rather than professionals
Technical Eclectism
(Eclectism) Borrowing ideas, insights, &techniques from a variety of sources while tailoring one's intervention strategy to client's needs
Clinical Psychologist
Specialize in the diagnosis &treatment of psychological disorders &everyday behavioral problems--Treatment of full-fledged disorders
Physiological Perspective
Biomedical Therapies
Transference
Clients unconsciously relate to therapist that mimic critical relationships in their lives
Biofeedback
Bodily function monitored; info fed back to patient for improved control of physiological process
"Revolving Door"
Pop. Flowing in &out of psychiatric facilities/Pop. of mentally ill homeless
[New] Antidepressant
Prozac (Fluoxetine)

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