Euro History
Terms
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- Academy
- philosophical school in Athens founded by Plato
- Aeschylus, Sophocles
- Greek tragic playwrights of the 5th century
- Alexander the Great
- son of Philip II, conquered the Persians, spread Greek culture
- Antigonus
- Alexander's general, ruled the Hellenistic Kingdom of Egypt
- Aristarchus
- Greek astronomer, thought the earth revovles around the sun
- Aristophanes
- Athenian comic playwright, only one known from the 400s BC.
- Aristotle
- Macedonian-born philosopher and writer, tutor of Alexander
- Cambyses
- Persian king, son of Cyrus, conquered Egypt for Persia
- Cyrus the Great
- founder of the Persian Empire, acquired vast territories in Asia
- Darius I
- King of Persia who ordered the Persian attack of Macedonia
- Darius III
- last king of Persia, defeated by Alexander, assassinated
- Delian League
- a defensice alliance led by Athens to guard against Persians
- Demosthenes
- greatest Athenian public speaker, warned about Philip II
- Dionysus
- Greek god of wine and immortality worshiped through drama
- Epaminondas
- general of Thebes, victor of Leuctra, killed at Mantinea
- Ephialtes
- Greek goat-herder who betrayed the Greeks at Thermoplyae
- Eratosthenes
- Greek mathematician who calculated the earth's circumference
- Euclid
- Greek mathematician at Alexandria, father of geometry
- Euripides
- Greek tragic playwright often called the ancient Shakespeare
- hellenization
- spread of Greek culture throughout the East by Macedonians
- Herodotus
- father of history, wrote a history of the Persian Wars
- Ionian Revolt
- Greek colonial rebellion in Anatolia against Persia, it failed
- Koine
- common form of Greek used by those conquered in the East
- Leonidas
- Spartan king, died with his 300 Spartans at Thermoplyae
- Long Walls
- 30 foot high fortification from Athens to the Piraeus
- Lyceum
- school of philosophy founded in Athens by Aristotle
- Mardonius
- Persian general, failed at Mt. Athos, later killed at Plataea
- Museum
- first research institute, founded by Macedonians in Alexandria
- Parthenon
- temple to Athena built on Acropolis after the Persian Wars
- Peloponnesian League
- defensive alliance of Sparta and her neighbors against Athens
- Peloponnesian War
- long civil war between Sparta and Athens and their allies
- Pericles
- most influential statesman of Athens after the Persian Wars
- Persian Wars
- series of invasions in which Persia failed to conquer Greece