Chant Final
Terms
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- Immaculate Conception
- December 8th
- Epiphany
- January 6th
- Septuagesima
- ninth Sunday before Easter, the third before Lent
- Sexagesima
- The eighth Sunday before Easter and the second before Lent
- Annunciation
- March 25th
- Trinity Sunday
- First Sunday after Pentecost
- Corpus Christi
- Sunday after Trinity Sunday
- Visitation
- May 31st
- Assumption
- August 15th
- Nativity of the Virgin
- September 8th
- Tractulus
- a neume signifying one note, usually drawn as a short horizontal line, In some manuscripts it is the form used for a punctum
- Virga
- a neume signifying a single note. It usually consists a single vertical stroke of the pen. It generally represented a note higher than those on either side.
- Pes
- a neume signifying two notes, the second higher than the first. It is so called because its shape often resembles that of a foot.
- Clivis
- a neume signifying two notes, the second lower than the first. Shape looks like a small arch in St. Gall
- Porrectus
- a neume signifying three notes, the second lower than the others. Looks like a slanted, backwards h in St. Gall.
- Torculus
- a neume signifying three notes, the second higher than the others, looks like a slanted s in St. Gall.
- Quilisma
- ornamental neume, between two notes a 3rd apart, majority go up a 3rd
- Climacus
- a neume signifying three notes in descending order. written as a virga (upright stroke) with puncta (dots) falling away to the right
- Nondiastematic
- notation that does not indicate pitch by height
- Diastematic
- musical notation that shows, through the use of staves or careful vertical placement, the pitches of notes.
- Messine
- from Metz, lorraine notation found in Graz 807, prior to quadratic notation, an early style, flowing lines, look like adiestematic neumes
- Franconian
- last notation of the ars antiqua - pre 14th century, first mensural notation where the note shape has a certain/specific meaning. ex. breve means short
- Mensural
- any notation before modern period with actual rhythmic meaning
- Hymns
- a
- Sequences
- a piece of sacred chant of ample length and melodic range, set syllabically with a Latin text. The text consisted of a series of couplets each having two lines sung to the same melody; each couplet was different from the preceding couplet in melody and in length.850 to 1150
- Prosas
- A text for a sequence, largely in ‘couplets’: two lines of text set syllabically to the same phrase of music,in the early repertory any given prosa could be sung to only one melody.
- Tracts
-
replacing the alleluia of the Mass on penitential occasions.
a solo chant melodically elaborate that follows the gradual - Responsorial chants
- a
- Antiphonal chants
- a
- Conductus
- A medieval song sacred text in Latin verse. Taken up by the Parisian composers of Notre Dame, it flourished from about 1160 to about 1240.
- Ars antiqua motets
- a
- Faulx bourdon
- A technique of either improvised singing or shorthand notation in sacred music of the 15th century, written as two-voice pieces with the cantus firmus in the upper part, The designation ‘faux bourdon’, was usually placed in either the discantus or the tenor part
- Quadratic
- square shaped neumes found in liber
- Hufnagel
- German notation from 14th century on, virga looks like a hobnail for horseshoe
- Modal
- for polyphony around 1200, The number of notes in each neume and the combination of such neumes defined the rhythms; these two neume-shapes were interpreted as breve–long
- St. Gall 359
- 10th cent. early adiestematic, abbreviated 'C'
- St. Gall 339
- 10th cent. Switzerland, French-German predominantly-stroke notation, nondiestematic
- Einsiedeln 121
- St. Gallen notation, 10th century in Switzerland, uses significative letters
- Laon 239
- 11th cent. nondiestematic from Laon region in northern France, uses Messine neumes and some significative letters
- Montpellier H 159
- tonary of Mass chants, 11th century, double notation-French neumatic and alphabetical
- Paris 1411 and 1412
- 12th cent. Cistercian chant
- Codex Calixtinus
- Santiago, 12th cent., 5 books, pilgrim's guide to Santiago mostly not music, Messine notation
- W1
- Notre Dame polyphony, 13th century, originated in Scotland, St. Andrews
- Modena, Biblioteca Estense, MS 471
- 15th cent. starts w/ polyphonic hymn settings of chant to enable to sing chant in harmony by Dufai
- Cantatorium
- book where only solo parts have neumes
- Graduale
- Liturgical book containing the chants for the Proper of the Mass
- Antiphonale
- Liturgical book containing the antiphons and other choir chants sung at the services of the Divine office
- Kyriale
- a collection of chants for the Ordinary of the Mass, that is, Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei and Ite or Benedicamus;
- Tonary
- Liturgical book in which the antiphons of the Office and the Mass and the responsories and even other chants are classified according to the eight psalm tones of Gregorian chant. Ex. Montpellier H. 159
- Liturgical Drama
- the corpus of sung religious dialogues, ceremonies and plays in Latin, the plays are found for the most part in liturgical books
- Semiology
- The science of signs
- Litterae significativae
- Letters added beside neumes to clarify or supplement the meaning of the neumes
- Episema
- an additional sign used in conjuction with neumes, indicates a lengthening or other form of emphasis of the note to which it applies