Unit 2 IDs
Terms
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- Impeach
- Formally charge a public official of misconduct in office
- 15th Amendment
- Prohibits the denial of voting rights to people because of their race or color or because they have previously been slaves
- Freedman's Bureau
- Government agency which assissted former slaves and poor whites in the South by giving food and clothing and by setting up hospitals and schools
- Tenant Farming
- System in which farm workers supply their own tools and rent farmland for cash
- Reconstruction
- Period of rebuilding that followed the Civil War
- Red Cross
- Established by Clara Barton who led it for 23 years and broadened its purpose to provide relief to civilians as well as soldiers in times of natural disaster
- Fort Sumter
- Southern fort in Union hands in 1861
- Monitor
- Ironclad ship used by the North in the Civil War
- Free-Soil Party
- Political Party formed in 1848 to oppose the extension of slavery into the US territories
- Panic of 1873
- Series of financial failures that triggered a five-year depression in the US
- Bleeding Kansas
- Name applies to the Kansas Territory in the years before the Civil War, when the territory was a battleground between proslavery and antislavery forces
- Radical Republicans
- Congressional Republicans who wanted to destroy the political power of former slave-holders and to give African Americans full citizenship and the right to vote
- Compromise of 1850
- A series of congressional measures intended to settle major disagreements between free and slave states
- Black Codes
- Discriminatory laws that were enacted in many Southern states after the Civil War that severly restricted African Americans' lives
- Popular Sovereignty
- Principle that the residents of a territory should have control over their own affairs-particularly the power to decide wheter to admit slavery
- Nativism
- Favoring of the interests of native-born people over the interests of immigrants
- Compromise of 1877
- Series of congressional measures under which Democrats agreed to accept Republican President, Rutherford B. Hayes
- 14th Amendment
- Made all persons born or naturalized in the US-including former slaves-citizens of the country
- KKK
- Secret organization that used terrorist tactics in an attempt to restore white supremacy in Southern states after the Civil War
- Copperhead
- Northern Democrat who advocated making peace with the Confederacy during the Civil War
- Conscription
- Drafting of citizens for military services
- Wad-Davis Bill
- Vetoed by President Lincoln, that would have given Congress control of Reconstriction
- Income Tax
- Tax on individuals' earnings
- Scalawags
- White Southerner who joined the Republican Party after the Civil War
- Merrimack
- Ironclad ship used by the South in the Civil War
- Shiloh
- Suprise attack on Grant by Confederate troops in Mississippi
- Kansas-Nebraska Act
- Law, enacted in 1854, that established the territories of Kansas and Nebraska that gave thier residents the right to decide whether to allow slavery
- Andersonville
- Confederate camp where prisoners had no shelter and drank from the same stream that served as their sewer, about 1/3 of prisoners died
- Antietam
- Battle near sluggish creek, more than 26,000 people died, Union led by McClellan, Union War
- Personal Liberty Laws
- Statutes, passed in nine Northern states in the 1850s, that forbade the imprisonment of runaway slaves and guarenteed jury trials for fugitive slaves
- Secession
- Formal withdrawl of a state from the Union
- Emancipation Proclamation
- Executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln freeing the slaves in all regions in rebellion against the Union
- Freeport Doctrine
- Idea, expressed by Stephen Douglas in 1858, that any territory could exclude slavery by simply refusing to pass laws supporting it
- Republican Party
- Modern political party formed in 1854 by opponents of slavery in new territories
- Anaconda Plan
- Three-part strategy by which the Union proposed to defeat the Confederacy in the Civil War
- 13th Amendment
- Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude
- Know-Nothing Party
- Name given to the American Party, formed in the 1850s to curtail the political influence of immigrants
- Home Rule
- State's powers of governing its citizens without federal government involvement
- Carpetbaggers
- Northerner who moved South after the Civil War
- Wilmont Proviso
- Meant that California as well as territories of Utah and New Mexico would be closed to slavery forever
- Bull Run
- First major battle of Civil War which was a Union victory
- Habeas Corpus
- Court order requiring authorities to bring a prisoner before the court so that the court can determine whether the prisoner is being held legally