Chapter 18 Hrs Bio
Terms
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- phylum
- a group of closely related classes
- Prokaryote
- organism whose cells lack a nucleus
- order
- a group of similar families
- evolutionary classification
- grouping of organisms together based on their evolutionary history. The higher the level of taxon, the farther back in time is the common ancestor of all organisms in the taxon
- genus
- a closely related species (capitalized)
- derived characteristics
- characteristics that appear in recent parts of a linage, but not in its older members
- cladogram
- diagram that shows the evolutionary descent
- Fungi
- kingdom composed of heterotrophs; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organisms
- taxon
- a group or level of organization into which organisms are classified
- Animalia
- kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do not have cell walls
- Eukaryote
- organism whose cells contain nuclei
- domain
- more inclusive category than any other-larger than a kingdom
- phylogeny
- evolutionary relationships among organisms
- Prostista
- kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi
- Bacteria
- unicellular and prokaryotic, autotroph or heterotroph, has cell wall with peptidoglycan, E. Coli Streptoccus
- family
- a group of genera that share many characteristics
- molecular clock
- model that uses DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently
- taxonomy
- assigning each organism a universally accepted name
- Plantae
- kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls containing cellulose
- kingdom
- large taxonic group consisting of closely related phyla
- species
- a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring (lowercase usually a latinized descriptive trait of the organism or where they live)
- Eukarya
- domain of all organisms whose cells have nuclei (protists, plants, fungi and animals)
- Eubacteria
- kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan
- Archaea
- domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls and do not contain peptidoglycan
- Archaebacteria
- kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoclycan
- binomial nomenclature
- each species is assigned a two-part scientific name, name consists of genus and species
- class
- a group of similar orders