GENETICS AND INHERITANCE
Terms
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- DOMINANT GENE
- capital letter (A) the gene that is going to be expressed i.e. black eyes
- LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
- gene's for different traits are separated from each other independently during meiosis
- PHENOTYPE
- gene's that have been expressed; gene's that are in "action," *black eyes; black hair
- HOMOZYGOUS
- both alleles are identical
- LAW OF SEGREGATION
- reproductive cells carry only one copy of each gene
- HEMOPHILIA
- carried on X chromosome=females are carriers
- HOMOLOGOUS
- if the order of the gene's are present in the same sequence of both chromosomes
- PUNNETT SQUARE ANALYSIS
- predicts patterns of inheritance
- DOWN SYNDROME
- unequal seperation on 21st chromosome
- ALLELE
- refers to genes; or different characteristics i.e. eye color
- GENES
- segment of DNA or a part of a chromosome (gene's responsible for messages 1 gene responsible for 1 allele
- RECESSIVE GENE
- gene not expressed= small letter (a)
- PHENYLKETONURIA (PKU)
- detected after birth=causes brain damage
- INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE
- heterozgote is an intermediate phenotype (in between=both genes expressed i.e. black/white children
- GENOTYPE
- total # of genes present in the individual
- HETEROZYGOUS
- different sequence of gene's in chromosome
- SEX LINKED DISORDERS
- more common in males because only 1(X) chromosome