Chapter 1 Test Reveiw
I am using this as a study guide.
Terms
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- vacuole
- the storage compartment of a cell
- endoplasmic reticulum
- forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another
- Golgi body
- receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the endoplasmic reticulum, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell
- compound microscope
- a microscope with two lenses( used to observe cells for the first time) you multiply the magnification of both lenses to get the total magnification
- chloroplast
- captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food ( only in plant cells)
- nucleus
- the control center of plant and animal cells
- active transport
- the movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy
- mitochondria
- (rod shaped)convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions
- carbohydrates
- an energy- rich organic compound, such as sugar or starch
- cell wall
- A rigid layer of of nonliving material that surrounds a plant cell
- cell membrane
- controls which substances can enter and leave the cell (selectively permeable)
- osmosis
- the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane( passive transport)
- DNA and RNA
- nucleic acids
- cells
- what all living things are made of
- lysosome
- ( round) contains chemicals that break down large food particles into smaller ones
- cytoplasm
- the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus; in organisms without a nucleus , the region is located inside the cell membrane
- ribosomes
- they produce proteins
- passive transport
- the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using energy