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Biology Chapter 9 Vocab Part 2

Terms

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sporocyte
the 2n spore producing stage in the life cycle of a plant
independent assortment
the genetic principle first noted by Gregor Mendel that states the alleles or unliked 10c, are randomly distributed to gametes
gametophyte
the n gamete producing stage in the life cycle of a plant
clone
a population of cells descended by mitotic division from a single ancestral cell
crossing over
process in which genetic material (DNA) is exchanged between paired homologous chromosomes
meiosis
process in which a 2n cell undergoes 2 successive nuclear divisions, potentially producing 4 n nuclei; leads to the formation of gametes in animals and spores in plants
fertilization
the fusion of 2 n gametes; results in the formation of a 2n zygote
spore
reproductive cell that gives rise to the individual offspring in plants, fungi, and certain algae and protozoa
life cycle
the continuous sequence of changes undergone by an organism from one primary form, as a zygote, to the development of the same form again
sexual reproduction
a type of reproduction in which 2 gametes fuse to form a zygote
ovum
female gamete of an animal
asexual reproduction
reproduction in which there is no fusion of gametes and in which the genetic makeup of parent ad offspring is usually identical
oogenesis
production of female gametes (eggs) by meiosis
sperm
the motile, n male reproductive cell of animals and some plants and protists; also called spermatozoam
spermatogenesis
the production of male gametes (sperm) by meiosis and sebsequent cell differentiation

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