Chapter 12
Terms
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- bacteriophage
- virus that infects bacteria
- DNA polymerase
- enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
- replication
- copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA
- Avery
- showed that DNA stores and transmits genetic information from one generation of an organism to the next
- transformation
- the process of harmless bacteria transforming into disease-causing bacteria
- Griffith's Experiments
- discovered that a factor in heat-killed, disease-causing bacteria can 'transform' harmless bacteria into ones that can cause disease
- chromatin
- granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
- Hershey and Chase
- concluded that the genetic material of the bacteriophage was DNA, not protien
- Watson and Crick
- made a model of the double helix
- base paring
- principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine
- nucleotides
- units apart of DNA
- histones
- protein molecule which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin
- double helix
- The form of native DNA, referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.
- sulfur-35 (35S)
- an atom that is mainly found in protein
- phosphorus-32 (32P)
- an atom that is mainly found in DNA (radioactive isotope)