20.3 Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands
Terms
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- thyroid gland
- located in the neck, attached to the trachea
- parathyroid glands
- raises the blood calcium levels; opposite of calcitonin
- simple goiter
- enlarged thyroid; iodine is lacking in the diet, the thyroid gland is unable to produce the thyroid hormones.
- cretinism
- thyroid fails to develop properly; individuals are short and stocky
- hypothyroidism
- in adults; undersecretion of thyroid hormones
- mysedema
- occurence of hypothyroidism produces the condition, weight gain, loss of hair, slower pulse rate, lowered body temp.
- exophthalmic goiter
- thyroid is overactive and a goiter forms; eye protusion, nervous, irritable, insomnia
- calcitonin
- regulates blood calcium level; hormone released by the thyroid that lowers blood calcium levels
- tetany
- continuous muscle contraction; dramatic drop in the blood calcium level
- Graves Disease
- thyroid is overactive; hyperthyroidism