medical Term. chapter 11&12
Terms
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- Rectum
- Remaining portion of large intestine, approx 8-10 inches, extending from sigmoid colon to anus
- Anus
- Sphincter muscle at end of digestive tract
- Bile Ducts
- passageway that carry bile, hepatic duct is for bile from liver, cystic duct carries bile from gallbladder.
- Gallbladder
- Small, sac-like structure that stores bile
- pancreas
- produces panceatic juice which helps digest all foods and secreates insulin for carboyhdrate metabolism
- peritonuem
- serous sac lining of the abdominal and pelvic cavities.
- Appendix
- small pouch, has no known function, attached to cecum.
- Appendicitis
- inflammation of appendix
- Cholelithiasis
- Condition of gallstones
- Cirrhosis
- Chronic disease of liver with destruction of cells, most commonly cause by alcoholism
- Gastrojejunostomy
- Creation of artificial opening between stomach and jejunum
- Laparotomy
- incision into the abdomen.
- Sublingual
- pertaining to under the tongue.
- peristalsis
- involuntary wave-like contractions that propel food along digestive tract
- Sclera
- Outer protective layer of eye
- Gastroentieritis
- inflammation of stomach and intestines
- Choroid
- Middle layer of eye, has many blood vessels.
- Iris
- Pigmented muscular structure tht allows light to pass through
- Pupil
- Opening in center of iris.
- Retina
- Inner most layer of eye, Contains vision receptors.
- Lacrimal glands
- produce tears that are drained through ducts.
- Optic nerve
- Carries visual impulses from retina to brain.
- Conjuctiva
- Mucous membrane lining eyelids and covering anterior portion of sclera.
- Conjunctivitis
- inflammation of the conjunctiva.
- Ophthalmalgia
- pain in the eye
- Hyperopia
- Farsightedness
- Myopia
- nearsightedness
- Cornea
- Transparent anterior part of sclera
- Uvula
- Soft V shaped organ extends from the soft palate and directs food into throat.
- Esophagus
- 10 in. tube extends from pharynx to stomach
- Stomach
- J-shaped sac that mixes and stores food.
- Pylorus
- lower part of stomach that connects to the small intestine.
- Pyloric sphincter
- Ring of muscle that guards opening between stomach and duodenum.
- Small Intestine
- 20 ft. canal extends from pyloric sphincter to large intestine.
- Duodenum
- First 10-12 inches of small intestine.
- Jejunum
- Second portion of small intestine, approximately 8 feet long.
- IIeum
- Third portion of small intestine, approx. 11 feet, connects with large intestine.
- Cecum
- u shaped pouch that is the first portion of large intestine.
- Colon
- Next portion of large intestine, Divided into 4 parts: ascending colon, transverse colon, decending colon, sigmoid colon.