An - LN1
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- A biomedical facility designed for housing of germ-free animals is referred to as _____ facility
- barrier facility
- Define microenvironment
- Environmental conditions w/in an individual animal cage
- Define thermoneutral zone
- temp ranges for which an animal does not need physical or chemical mechanisms to control heat productionor heat loss
- Animals rooms must have a minimum of ____ air changes per hour
- 10-15 air changes/hr
- Which type of room should be under negative air pressure?
- 1. Quarantine - what to keep contaminates for leaving & spreading elsewhere.
- A diurnal lighting system is one that used ___ hours of light followed by ___ hours of darkness
- 12 & 12
- A type of plastic used for cages that is transparent & haws high impact strength & resistance to high heat & chemicals is __
- polycarbonate cages
- The study of animals w/ completely know flora & fauna is referred to as ___
- Gnotobiology
- Animals that are know to be free of certain pathogens are referred to as ___
- SPF - specific pathogen free
- Animals kept in animals rooms & experimental areas that undergo periodic testing to ID the presence of any microorganisms in the animal colonies are referred to as____
- sentinel - surveillance animal housed for the purpose of ID abnormal occurances
- Define macroenvironmnet
- environmental conditions w/in a room used to house animals
- how are minimum space requirements for lab animals determined
-
1. Health
2. repror\duction
3. growth
4. behavior
5. activity - Which types of rooms should have positive pressure?
-
1. Surgery suites so contaminants outside the suite do not get sucked in.
2. Animal areas - What are important aspects of faciliy design
-
1. Controlled environment
2. Decrease disease transmission - Types of Facility design:
-
1. Conventional - Rooms open to hall - Contamination protential
2. Double corridor - clean & dirty areas w/1 way directions to decrease contamination.
3. Barrier - SPF, antiroom to prep room - showere before & after
4.Containment - zonosis aka Plum Island, hi security - Why are control of temp & humidity important
-
1. affect metabolism & behavior
2. Species dependent
3. Goal - TNZ or optimal for species - ex. rodents don't sweat so keep < TNZ
4. Small animals get dehydrated at "normal" temos so need humidity regulation
5. De stress rabbits w/ cooler air - Why is ventilation important
-
1. O2 supply
2. Remove odor,& heat build up - What controls the flow of air & why is it important
- Air pressure to control the directional flow into or out of different parts of te facility
- Hi/Low light should be in the environment of albino animals & why
- Low b/c non-pigmented eyes are susseptible to the penetration of UV light damaging the retina
- How does the decible level effect different species?
-
1. Rats will not breed
2. Rabbits exhibit injurious behavior
3. Gerbils & rats seizure - Design considerations:
-
1.Ventilation
2. Light
3. Noise
4. Social environment
5.Air pressure
6. Temp & humidity
7. waterproof
8. no wall seams for pathogens to hide - Enclosure types
-
1. cages
2.Shoebox
3. suspended
4. metabolism cage - collect urine,etc.
5. gang cage - social groups
6. On site transportation
7. Distance transportation
8. Pens & runs-dogs 7 farm animals
9. activity cages - exercises
10. specialty medical cages - inhalation - USDA requirements
-
1. Dogs - written exercise
2. Primates - BE - BE for lab animals include:
-
1. BE - non-human primates
2. Exercise - dogs
3. vertical space - species specific
4. Ledges
5. cage modifications like tunnels,
6.toys,
7.climbing ropes,
8.`foraging opportunities - What is the goal of an enrichment program
- to provide a mechanism for the animal to express an innate behavior that results in a positive effect on its health & well-being
- Whatis required by the AWA if dogs cannot have direct physical contact with other dogs
- Must have regular human contact.
- Who governs the acquisition of lab animals
- Fed laws require USDA-liceensed dealers, proper wiatinf period & record keeping,`
- What are animals bred specifically for research purposes called
- Purpose bread
- What are random source animals
- Animals obtained by Class B dealers for shelters.
- Best cage constructin materials regardless of expense
-
Stainless - smooth, storng, rust free.
Polycarbonate Plastic - - Rats are in which order & characteristics
-
rodentia
2 pairs of continuously growing incisors
No gallbladder
Harderian gland
5 dig on rear feet
4 dig on front feet
epiphysis don't close - What is the harderian gland
- behind the eye that produces red tears (chromodacryotthea)
- What is most commonly used rat
- rattus norgevis
- what is hypodontic
- teeth the same height
- How to sex rats
-
anogenital distance
Male is longer - Can rats vomit?
- No - one way liniting rider
- What is max volume IV in a rat
- 5mL/kg
- What is max volume SQ for rat
- 5mL/kg
- Max Im in rat
- 0.1mL/site
- What is the total blood volume of rat & how much can you remove
- 50mg/kg safely withdraw 10%
- Vein options in rats
-
Need anesthesia
1. Saphenous
2. Jugular
3. Femoral
Non-anelgesia - Pierce - lateral tail - Blood collection sites
-
1. tail clip
2. toenail clip
3. venous collection - Rat diseases
-
1. mycoplasmosis - chronic respiratory dz
2.neoplasia - mammary fibrodenoma
3. Malocclusion - Best temp for rats
- 21-22C
- Volume that can be injected IP in a rat
- 10mg/kg
- Define gavage
- feeding tube directly into the tomach
- Injectible anesthetics most commonly used in rats
-
1. ketamine (w/ xylazine
2. Pentobarbital - IP for quick absorption - Tx for mycoplasmosis
-
1. Don't crowd b/c ammonia exacerbates
2. NO CURE- tx the clinical signs w/ antibiotics,
3. bronchodilators - What is advantage of brown fat in rats
-
thermogenic - hi caloric & often seen in hibernating animals
Storage of glycogen - Problems in dosages for rats
- Hi metabolic rate so high that it is difficult to dose
- Define strain
-
inbred w/ hig control over genetics
bred for specific conditions - Define stock
- outbred or randomly bred -
- Why use rats for human dz
-
1.Toxicology b/c dont vomit
2. Have molars like humand
3. obesity
4. hypertension
5. cataracts - Define copulatory plug
- combo of semen & vaginal secretions that plug the vagina
- How to prevent bumble foot
- feet are delicate so have bedding over wire mesh
- Rat off spring are called
- pups or fuzzies
- What is average male rat weight
- 450-500g
- Rats are di/nocternal
- nocternal
- Where is pophyrin secreted in rats
- harderian gland near teh eye - "red tears"
- How many mammary glands do rats have
-
Femal e- 6 pairs
Males- NONE