9th-Ch. 13-16 Honors Biology
Terms
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- convergent evolution
- species begin to look alike because they live in the same environment
- mutualism
- both benefit
- punctuated equilibrium
- no changer over long time followed by period of abrupt change
- aristotle
- said species are fixed
- artificial selection
- man select traits he wants (mustard plants)
- k40
- used to date millions of years
- paleozoic
- age of amphibians =
- precambrian
- 4 billion years ago, no life, bacteria and marine organisms
- apes
- no tail primates
- strata
- layer of rock
- anaximander
- promoted the idea that life arose in water and that simpler forms of life preceded more complex ones
- adaptive radiation
- a species is introduced into a new environment
- phylogenic tree
- show the ancestry of an organism
- founder's effect
- a gene pool is effected because of a small # of settlers
- macroevolution
- change into another species
- miller
- tested oparin's hypothesis
- radiometric dating
- determining the age of remains by amount of radioisotopes left
- analogous structures
- dif orgin, same use
- permian mass extinction
- 90% of marine species went extinct
- jean baptiste lamarck
- suggested that the best explanation for this relationship of fossils to current organisms is that life evolves, suggested hat that bu using or not using its body parts an individual may develop certain traits that it passes on to its offspring
- pampas
- grassland in argentina
- comparative embryology
- embryo features that are similar in different species
- no mutations, no migration, no natural selection, random mating, large population
- 5 conditions for hardy weinberg
- darwin
- came up with evolutionary theory first
- species
- can mate and have fertile offspring
- galapagos
- place he looked forward to going to the most
- parasitism
- one benefits, one hurt
- superposition
- oldest is on the bottom
- crust
- top layer of earth
- homologous structures
- same orgin, dif use
- oxygen
- what did the early atmosphere not have
- lucy
- earliest hominid skeleton
- anthropoids
- monkeys, apes, and man
- bottleneck
- drastic reduction of population
- carbon 14
- used to date thousands of years
- lyell
- geologist, came up with ways in which surface of the earth changes
- fossils
- evidence of preexisting life
- genetic drift
- change in gene pool by chance
- chimp, gorilla, orangutan, gibbons, siamangs
- 5 kinds of apes
- directional
- goes toward one extreme
- commensalism
- one benefits while the other is not effected
- geographic isolation
- a barrier separating individuals
- paleontology
- study of fossils
- chart the south american coast
- what was the mission of the voyage?
- cambrian explosion
- many species developed
- cretaceous mass extinction
- astroid
- HMS beagle
- what ship did darwin go on
- disruptive
- selects both extremes
- sexual selection
- peacocks are an example of ______
- iridium
- only found in space but a small layer surrounds the earth supporting the astroid theory
- fitzroy
- cpt of beagle
- gradualism
- slow change over long periods of time
- ammonia, methane, hydrogen, water vapor
- gases in early atmosphere
- speciation
- formation of a new species
- endosymbiont theory
- how eukaryotes came from prokaryotes
- variation in population, more offspring then can survive, resources are limited, most fit will survive and reproduce
- 4 tenets
- fitzroy
- cpt of beagle
- stabilizing
- choose the avg
- chart coast of South america
- purpose of HMS beagle
- booby
- bird that was easily approachable and killed, blue feet, klutzy, feet help for hunting fish, body and bill streamlined, large tail to help get out of water, nostrils close during dive, specialized glands help them float, gland that keeps salt out of eyes, gland that secrets oil to make water proof,
- anaximander
- said life began in water
- 13
- how many species of finches were in the galapagos
- evolution
- inherited change in organisms over time
- old world monkeys
- tail used for balance
- vestigial structures
- useless
- alfred wallace
- conceived a theory identical to darwin's and sent his manuscript to darwin, this caused darwin to speed up his publishing
- phylogeny
- evolutionary history
- cenozioc
- present age
- georges buffon
- suggested that earth mite be older the 6000 years, proposed the possibility that certain fossil forms might be ancient versions of similar living species
- descent with modification
- summarized darwin's view of life, used this word instead of evolution,
- charles lyell
- author of Principles of Geology
- lamarck
- came up with theory of acquired characteristic, muscle to baby
- comparative anatomy
- look at similarities of structure
- wallace
- asked darwin to publish his theory that was similar to darwins
- stromatolite
- fossilized bacteria in water
- pangea
- supercontinent
- coevolution
- the evolution of one species affect another (wasp and orchid)
- evolutionary adaptions
- inherited traits that enhance an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
- new world monkeys
- tails used to grasp things
- plate tectonics
- continental drift
- fossils
- the imprint or remnants of organisms that lived in the past
- opposable thumb, elbow, shoulder, eyes infront, large brain compared to body
- primate characteristics
- buffon
- earth older than 6000 years theory was by who?
- mesozoic
- age of reptiles and dinosaurs
- microevolution
- change below species level
- comparative biochemistry
- process like respiration or rna, dna, or atp
- symbiosis
- 2 different species live together
- exaptation
- structure designed for one purpose but is used for another (honeycomb and bird)
- Aristotle
- said species don't evolve