Darwin's Theory of Evolution
Terms
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- vestigial organ
- organ that has no (known) function in an organism
- homologous structures
- structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissue
- genetic drift
- change in an allele
- pesticide resistance
- occurs in insects surviving pesticides and passing it to the next generation
- adaption
- an inherited characteristic that increases an organisms chance of survival
- stabilizing selection
- natural selection that favors the average individual in a population
- behavioral isolation
- differences in courtship and reproductive strategies keep two populations from breeding
- directional selection
- occurs when natural selection favors one of the extreme variations of a trait
- evolution
- process by which modern organisms are thought to have descended from ancient ones
- antibiotic resistance
- occurs when some bacteria survive an antibiotic, reproduce, and pass the resistance to the next generation
- gene pool
- consists of all genes, including all the different alleles, that are present in a population
- descent with modification
- each living species has descended, with changes, from other species over time
- disruptive selection
- both extreme traits are selected
- speciation
- the development of a new type of species
- artificial selection
- breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits
- fossils
- preserved remains of ancient organisms
- On the Origin of Species
- suggested that natural selection can lead to the formation of new species
- survival of the fittest
- individuals suited to their environment survive and reproduce
- geographic isolation
- two populations are separated by a geographical feature
- reproductive isolation
- when members of two populations can not interbreed and produce fertile offspring
- theory
- a well-supported, testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world