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Terms

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developmental biology
subdivision of anatomy that studies the structures that emerge from the time of the fertilized egg tot eh adult form
dorsal body cavity
located near posterior surface( cavity)
histology
subdivision of anatomy that studies microscopic structures of tissues
prone
positon you are in while lying on your belly
digestive system
processes food into molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the cells of the body
organ system
group of ORGANS working together
reproductive system
ensures continuation of a certain species -- includes testes and ovaries
smooth tissue
function moves substances in body ( tissue type )
midsagittal plane
passes through the midline dividing the body into equal right and left halves
body cavities
space where you up something
superficial ( closer to the surface )
deep ( opposite )
horizontal or transverse plane
parallel to the ground (in humans) and at right angles to othe rplans -- divides the body into inferior and superior
systematic anatomy
subdivision of anatomy that studies the body systems
tissue
groups of specialized CELLS working together
smooth tissue
no striations- involuntary- found in hollow organs - ex. stomach & blood vessels
Galen
Greek physician that studied the human body by cutting animals; many wrong ideas were made about the human body
Taysach's Disease
lipid digesting enzyme is missing and brain becomes impaired when lipids accumulate in brain cells
muscle tissue
composed of cells that connect (type of tissue)
epitherlial tissue
protects, secretes, absorbs, and filters ( type of tissue )
superior ( above )
inferior (opposite)
abdominal cavity
holds digestive organs (cavity)
gross anatomy
subdivision of anatomy that studies the structures that can be examined with the use of a microscope
urinary system
maintain the volume and composition of body fluids within normal limits. One aspect of this function is to rid the body of waste products that accumulate as a result of cellular metabolism, and because of this, it is sometimes referred to as the excretory system.
sagittal plane
vertical plane that divides the body into right an left parts
medial ( towards the middle )
lateral ( opposite)
respiratory system
exchanges gases and gives oxygen to the blood
ipsilateral
same side of the body
dendrites
carry impulses to cell body
structural plan
described with respect to planes (imaginary flat surfaces that pass through an organism)
webbed hands of humans && tails of tadpoles to frogs
2 examples of lysosomes helping in the development of organisms
connective tissue
provides support, framework, protection, stores fat, produces blood cells, fights infection ( type of tissue )
solid matrix
bone is surrounded by this hard crystalline called ...
pathological anatomy
subdivision of anatomy that studies diseases
radial symmetry
central axis- no sides ex. hydra & seastar
5-50 micrometers
average size of a cell
cardiac tissue
found on the walls of the heart - striated- involuntary
Pompe's Disease
a liver disease due to lack of enzymes that breaks down glycogen
1 millionth of a meter
1 micrometer equals
connective - epitheial- muscular- nervous
four major tissue systems
skeletal system
provides the shape and form for our bodies in addition to supporting, protecting, allowing bodily movement, producing blood for the body, and storing minerals.
bilateral symmetry
2 sided shape; has a definite right and left side
integumentary system
protects the body from damage; consists of skin,hair,nails,scales, sweat glands
muscular system
provides all movement for the body
axons
carry impulses away from cell body
skeletal tissue
function - moves bones ( tissue type)
the frontal plane is parallel to the ground and the transverse plane is at right angles with the frontal plane
what happens with animals that do not stand erect?
cranial cavity
bones containing the brain ( cavity )
semi-solid matrix
tendons, cartilage,and fatt cells have a fibrous or gelatinous type called..
oblique section
diagonal cut ( cylindrical organs )
connective tissue
most abundant tissue in the human body - binds structures together
Anatomy
the study of the structures of body parts
surface anatomy
subdivision of anatomy that studies the anatomical landmarks on the surface of the body through visualization and palpation
mycroplasmas ( bacteria with out cell wall)
the smallest cells are...
cross section
straight up and down ( cylindrical organs )
epithelial tissue
covers the body surface and forms the lining for most internal cavities ( type of tissue )
cell
basic unit of life; many kinds and sizes
Andreas Vesalius
Belgian anatomist and physician whose disections of the human body helped to coreect misconceptions against ancient ideas
radiographic anatomy
subdivision of anatomy that studies the body's structures visualized with x- rays
endocrine system
regulates metabolism, and releases hormones
regional anatomy
subdivision of anatomy that studies the specific regions of the body such as the head and chest
cytology
subdivision of anatomy that studies microscopic cells
liquid matrix
ex. blood
skeletal tissue
voluntary- striated- multinucleate( many nuceli) ex. skeletal muscles
nervous tissue
consists of cells that transmit messages -- made up of neurons
Physiology
the study of the functions of body parts
correct atomical position
* stand erect , * face observer, * limbs on side, * plams turned forward, * feet flat on floor
parasagittal plane
does not pass through the midline dividing the body into unequal halves
organ
a group of different TISSUES working together to perform one specific task
spinal cavity
bones containing the spinal cord ( cavity )
contralateral
opposite side of the body
thoracic cavity
holds the heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus (cavity)
organism
complete living thing
nervous system
a network of specialized cells that communicate information throughout the body
ventral body cavity
near anterior surface (cavity)
connective tissue
composed of more scattered cells with abundant intercellular material called matrix
lymphatic system
transports a watery clear fluid called lymph and helps your body fight off diseases
supine
position you are in while lying on your back facing the sky
symmetry
form or shape
cardiovascular system
maintains homeostasis and pumps blood throughout the body
asymmetical
no shape. ex sponges
lysosomes
contain enzymes & digest macromolecules in cells
embryology
subdivision of anatomy that studies the structure that emerges from the time of the fertilized egg through the eigth week in utero
intermediate
between ( directional term)
chemical level
level of organization; atoms, molecules, compounds
proximal ( closer to point of origin )
distal ( opposite )
longitudinal section
straight left and right ( cylindrical organs )
frontal or coronal plane
is at the right angles to a sagital plane dividing the body into antreior and posterior portions
cardiac tissue
function- pumps blood ( tissue type )
anterior ( front of )
posterior (opposite)
pelvic cavity
holds reproductive and execretory organs ( cavity)

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