orientation and directional terms
Terms
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copy deck
- refers to the same side of the body
- ipsilateral
- refers to the opposite sides of the body
- contralateral
- toward the head or upper part of a structure or the body; above
- superior (cranial)
- away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below
- inferior (caudal)
- toward or at the front of the body; in front of
- anterior (ventral)
- toward or at the back of the body; behind
- posterior (dorsal)
- toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
- medial
- away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
- lateral
- between a more medial and a more lateral structure
- intermediate
- closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
- proximal
- farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
- distal
- toward or at the body surface
- superficial
- away from the body surface; more internal
- deep
- anterior surface of the hand
- palmar
- inferior surface of the foot
- plantar
- inside the body or inside a cavity or organ
- internal
- outside the body or outside a cavity or organ
- external