marine bio
Terms
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- kingdom monera
- prokaryotic (no nucleus) a: bacteria B. blue green algae: cyanobacteria
- kingdom fungi
- marine fungi and yeasts
- kingdom protista
- one celled eukaryotic (with nucleus) plants and animals
- kingdom protista a: phylum chrysophyta - golden algae
- 1. diatoms - silica 2. coccolithophores - calcite 3. dinoflagellates - organic test
- kingdom protista b: phylum protozoa - one celled animals
- 1. order foraminifera - calcareous 2. order radiolaria - silica test
- kingdom plantae
- a. algae (multi celled types) 1. red (rhodophyta) 2. brown (phaeophyta) 3. green (chlorophyta) 4 grasses 5. trees
- kingdom animalia - multi celled animals phylum porifera
- sponges: pinacocytes, choanocytes, amoeboid cells 1. body plan 2. skeleton 3. classification
- phylum cnidaria (coelenterata)
- 1. general chars: cell layers, medusa and polyp, nematocysts
- cnidaria: hydrozoa
- man o war, fire corals, hydriods
- cnidaria: scyphozoa
- jellyfish
- cnidaria: cubozoa
- sea wasps, cube jellies
- cnidaria: anthozoa
- hard and soft corals, sea anemone, polyp only
- worm phyla
- 1. phylum annelida: segmented worms, bristle, christmas, feather dusters 2. phylum phoronida: horeshoe tube 3. phylum pogonophora: vent worms, no digestive system, chemotrophic
- phylum bryozoa
- moss animals
- phylum brachiopoda
- lamp shells, solitary bivalved
- phylum mollusca
- 1. gastropoda: snails 2. bivalvia: clams, scallops, oysters 3. cephalopoda: octopus, squid, cuttlefish, chambered nautilus
- phylum arthropoda
- crabs, lobsters, krill, barnacles, shrimp
- phylum chordata
- notochord and gill slits: 1. agnatha jawless fish 2. chondrichthyes: jawed fish 3. osteichthyes: bony fish 4. amphibia 5. reptilia 6. aves 7. mammalia
- community
- recognizable, mappable, recurring
- rocky shore
- harsh environment, vagrant urchins, cucumbers, crabs, lobsters, octopus, hydroids, chitins, cucumbers, crabs, anemones, hydroids, snails, starfish
- soft bottom
- lagoon, marsh, grass beds: plants, deposit feeders, filter feeders
- deep ocean
- cold: fish, squid, crinoids
- hydrothermal vents
- hard substrate, 3000m, produce from bacteria, worms, clams, mussels, crabs, eels
- coral reef
- biological accumulation, wave resistant
- reef components
- framework, cement, sediment and landscape, open spaces
- reef classification
- fringing reefs, barrier reefs, atolls, patch reefs
- natural controls on reef growth
- temp, light, depth, salinity, water circulation, oxygen, nutrients, sediments, substrate, stability, emersion
- zonation
- lagoon: patch reefs, grass beds, sand reef crest: elkhorn coral, breaker zone forereef terrace: staghorn spurs and grooves forereef escarpment: finger corals, variety forereef slope: plate corals, sand channels deep forereef: fragile plates, sponges
- reef destruction
- natural: physical, biological, balance