Biology Lab
Terms
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- teeth
- used to chew food once fully developed
- hard palate (roof of mouth)
- used to separate oral cavity from nasal passage
- soft palate
- forms the oropharynx (throat)
- tongue
- taste, propels food into pharynx
- epiglottis
- flat that covers the trachea preventing food from entering
- thymus gland
- part of the lymphatic system, immunity
- thyroid gland
- secretes hormones important in metabolism
- theyroid cartilage
- protection of the trachea
- esophagus
- muscular tube that propels food from mouth to stomach
- right atrium
- top chamber of the heart, receives DEOXYGENATED blood from superior vena cava
- left atrium
- top chamber of the heart, receives OXYGENATED blood from lungs
- right ventricle
- bottom chamber of the heart, receives DEOXYGENATED blood from the right atrium
- left ventricle
- bottom chamber of the heart, receives OXYGENATED blood from the left atrium
- superior vena cava
- returns DEOXYGENATED blood from head to right atrium
- inferior vena cava
- returns DEOXYGENATED blood from lower body to right atrium
- aorta
- receives OXYGENATED blood from left ventricle and distributes to the body
- pericardial sac
- protects the heart
- diaphragm
- thin, flat muscular sheet, aids in breathing, serparates the thoraic and abdominal cavities
- rib cage
- protects heart, lungs, and blood vessels of the thoraic cavity
- liver
- produces bile, and glycogen/diposes wastes
- gall bladder
- stores bile used for fat digestion
- stomach
- produces gastric juices, digests protein
- pancreas
- produces the hormone insulin and digestive enzymes
- spleen
- removes old red blood cells, immunity
- small intestine
- digestion and absorption of food
- colon
- absorption of water, vitamins, and minerals/produces feces
- kidney
- regulates electrolytes and water balance, produces urine
- ureter
- muscular tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder
- urinary bladder
- storage of urine
- urethra
- transports urine from bladder to the outside of the body
- tricuspid valve
- valve that separates the right atrium and right ventricle; prevents back flow of blood
- bicuspid valve
- valve that separates the left atrium and left ventricle; prevents back flow of blood
- papillary muscle
- opens and closes the tricuspid and bicuspid valves
- pulmonary artery
- carries DEOXYGENATED blood from right ventricle to the lungs
- pulmonary vein
- carries OXYGENATED blood from the lungs to the left atrium
- olfactory nerve
- spinal nerve responsible for the sense of smell
- optic chiasma
- spinal nerve responsible for the sense of sight
- cerebrum
- conscious thought, sensationi, memory, intellect, and complex movement
- cerebellum
- coordinates movements of the body, balance
- medulla oblongata
- controls breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and swallowing
- thalamus
- coordinates sensory information
- hypothalmus
- controls the pituitary gland, regulates body temperature
- pineal gland
- regulates sleep patterns
- pituitary gland
- produces hormones that influence the activity of other glands and organs
- capsule
- tough, fibrous sheath that covers and protects the kidney
- cortex
- outer layer of the kidney where filtrate is formed
- medulla and renal pyramids
- middle layer of the kidne that houses the renal pyramids where filtrate is refined and concentrated into urine
- renal pelvis
- hollow cavity where newly formed urine is collected before it exits the kidney
- renal artery
- muscular vessel that carries OXYGENATED, UNFILTERED blood to the kidney
- renal vein
- vessel that carries DEOXYGENATED, FILTERED blood away from the kidney