Cell Unit
Terms
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- cell theory
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1. All living things are made of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of life.
3. All cells come from other cells. - bacteria
- smallest organism on earth - one celled organism
- cell membrane
- helps control what enters and leaves a cell
- nucleus
- controls most of the cell's activities
- vacuole
- stores food, water, minerals, and wastes
- cytoplasm
- gelatinlike substance that contains many chemicals that the cell needs
- mitochondrion
- converts food energy into a form that the cell can use
- chromosomes
- in the nucleus - contain DNA
- DNA
- a chemical that determines which traits an organism will have
- cell wall
- provides support and protection
- chloroplast
- captures energy from sunlight and uses it to convert carbon dioxide and water into food
- photosynthesis
- how plants, algae, and many bacteria make their food - occurs in leaf cells
- cellular respiration
- the energy cells need to function comes from cellular respiration
- nerve cells
- receive and deliver messages quickly
- skin cells
- form protective layer for body
- fat cells
- store fat
- muscle cells
- many long fibers that can contract and relax
- tissues
- groups of similar cells that do the same work
- organ
- different types of tissue working together form a structure - your heart is an organ
- organ system
- a group of organs working together to do a job - stomach, mouth, intestines, etc. make up digestive system
- skeletal system
- all the bones in your body - gives shape and support (bones)
- skin
- largest human body organ
- muscular system
- framework for body - makes all movement possible (muscles)
- digestive system
- takes in food and breaks it down so that the nutrients can be absorbed by the body (stomach, intestines, etc.)
- urinary system
- removes extra water, salts, and wastes from blood (kidneys, bladder)
- respiratory system
- moves oxygen into the body and waste gases out of the body (lungs, trachea, etc.)
- circulatory system
- moves nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes wastes (heart, blood, blood vessels)
- nervous system
- control system of body - sends messages - made up of brain, spinal cord, nerves
- reproductive system
- organs and structures in males and females that allow humans to reproduce