Biology Flashcard-CCSD Resource Genetics
Terms
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- Gregor Mendel
- Father of Genetics
- Genetics
- study of hereditary information that is passed on to the offspring
- Parent (P) Generation
- the 1st Cross
- First filial (F1) Generation
- offspring from the P generation
- Second filial (F2) Generation
- offspring from F1 generation
- Dominant
- trait your are going to see
- Recessive
- trait you don't see
- Law of Segregation
- Genes accure in pairs-they separate from each other during gamete formation (meiosis) and recobine at fertilization (zygote formation)
- Gene-Chromosome Theory
- genes are located on the chrosomes
- Law of Independent Assortment
- during meiosis genes for different traits separate and distribute to gametes independently of one another
- Gene
- trait or factor that you see
- alleles
- marks that represent the traits
- Homozygous
- TT (dominant) or tt (recessive) two of the same traits
- Heterozygous
- Tt-different traits
- Hybrid
- the offspring of crosses between pure parents showing contrasting traits
- genotype
- genetic makeup
- phenotype
- physical characterics
- test cross
- whether its TT (homozygous) or (heterozygous)
- monohybrid cross
- only one test of alleles
- dihybrid cross
- a genetic cross in which two pairs of contrasting traits are studied
- incomplete dominance
- a type of inheritance in which two contrasting alleles contribute to the individual a trait not exactly like either parent; blending inheritance
- Codominance
- a type of inheritance in which two dominant alleles are expressed a the same time without blending of traits
- multiple alleles
- three or more different forms of a gene, each producing a different phenotype
- law of dominance
- when an organism is heterozygous (hybrid) for a pair of contrasting traits (alles) only the dominant trait will be seen