Developmental Psychology Test 1
Terms
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- THe science that seeks to understand how and why people change or remain the same over time. People of all ages and circumstances are studied
- science of human development
- The word that signifies developments over time that appear to persist, unchanging, from one age to the next.
- continuity
- THe word that signifies developments that appear quite different from those that came before.
- discontinuity
- The idea that a small event or thing can have a large impact if it happens to tip the balance, causing other changes that create a major event
- Buttefly effect
- A group of people born at about the same time. THey travel through life together, experiencing the same major historical changes
- cohort
- Part of socioeconimic context, whereby people are classified as rich, poor, middle class, and so on according to income, education, occupation and so on
- socioeconomic status
- THe ability of some people to endure conditions that are often harmful-such as poverty, mental illness, social disruptions, and low intelligence- and to adapt in ways that make them stronger.
- resilience
- A way to answer questions that requies empirical research and databased conclusions
- scientific method
- A specific prediction that is stated in such a way that it can be tested and either confirmed or refused
- hypothesis
- THe repetition of a scientific study, using the same procedures on another group of participants, to verify or dispute the original study's conclusions
- replication
- A method of testing hypotheses by unobtrusively watching and recording participants' behavior in a systematic and objective manner, either in a laboratory or in a natural setting
- scientific observation
- A research method in which the researcher tries to determine the cause-and-effect relationship between two variables by manipulating one variable and then observing and recording the resulting changes in the other variable
- experiment
- In an experiment, the variable that is introduced to see what effect it has on the dependent variable
- Independent variable
- In an experiment, the variable that may change as a result of whatever new condition or situation the experimenter adds
- dependent variable
- A group of participants in a research study who experience some special treatment or condition
- experimental group
- A group of participants in a research study who are similar to the experimental group in all other relevant ways but who do not experience the experimental condition
- comparison group/ control group
- A research method in which information is collected from a large number of people by personal interview, written questionnaire, or some other means
- survey
- People whose ancestors were born in the same region, usually sharing a language and religion
- ethnic group
- A group of people who are regarded as genetically distinct on the basis of physical appearance
- race
- A research method in which one individual is studied intensively
- case study
- A research design that compares groups of people who differ in age but are similar in other important characteristics
- Cross-sectional research
- A research design that follows the same individuals over time, repeatedly assessing their development
- longitudinal research
- A hybrid research method in which researchers first study several groups of people of different ages and the follow those groups over the years
- cross-sequential research
- A vision of how development should be studied, with the person considered in all the contexts and interactions that constitute a life
- ecological-systems approach
- A number indication the degree of relationship between two variables, expressed in terms of the liklihood that one variable will occur when the other variable does
- correlation
- Research that provides data that can be expressed with numbers, such as ranks or scales
- quantitative research
- Resarch that considers qualities instead of quantities.
- qualitative research
- A set of principles that members of a profession or group are expected to follow
- code of ethics