SWE CSW Exam
Terms
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black rot
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fungal disease, mild wet weather, starts as black spots on leaves, can cause crop loss, use fungicides to control
- botrytis
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fungal disease, causes rot
bad situation: called bunch rot
good situation: called noble rot
moist weather to hot dry weather yields desired results for dessert wines
if it remains moist, it turns to bunch rot
not good for red grap -
canpoy management techniques
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winter pruning
shoot thinning
summer hedging (not desirable)
shoot devigoration
shoot positioning
leaf removal (not desirable)
trellis system - clone
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vines descended from a single plant by cuttings (asexual reproduction)
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crown gall
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a bacterial disease; causes tumors/growths on the vine trunk, strangles the vines
lies dormant in fines until a cold winter starts its development
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downy mildew
- aka peronospera, a fungal disease, attacks green parts of plant, looks like oil spots on leaf; spores on underside form, spread out with white cottony filaments, causes loss of leaves, delays ripening, copper sprays are effective remedy (copper sulfate ak
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eutypa dieback (dead arm)
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a fungal disease caused by Eutypa lata, forms in mediterranean climates, enters through pruning wounds, releases toxins that stunt growth, cups leaves, kills the infected cane
avoid by applying fungicide to pruning wounds
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Field selection
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cuttings taken from many vines in the same vineyard; not the same as a clone, but clone is often used to label what is actually a field selection
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mealy bugs
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spreads the leaf roll virus
- mesoclimate
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environment of a particular vineyard:
aspect
elevation
slope
distance to water
etc. - pierce's disease
- a bacertiological disease, causes premature leaf fall, spread by sharpshooters or leafhoppers, worst in south or near waters
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powdery mildew
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aka odium
creates white cobweb like filaments, yields are reduced if infected before flowering, stunts development of clusters, prevents max pigment, produces undesirable flavors; survives winters, sunlight and sulfur are its enemies
- sand
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largest inorganic soil faction; least capacity to hold nutrients and water
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shoot thinning
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removal of unwanted shoot growth during the spring
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vine annual growth cycle
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bud break
flowering
berry set
veraison
harvest
leaf fall
dormancy/pruning