Anatomy Clinical Vignettes
Terms
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baby vomits milk when fed and has gastric air bubble
what kind of fistula? - blind esophagus w/ lower segment of esophagus attached to trachea
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decreased plantar flextion and decreased sensation over back of thigh, calf, and later 1/2 of foot
what spinal nerve is involved? - tibial (L4-S3)
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decreased pain and temp sensation over lateral apects of both arms
what is the lesion? - syringomyelia
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penlight in right eye -> bilateral constriction - penlight in left eye -> paradoxical bilateral dilation
what is the defect? - atrophy of left optic nerve
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decreased prick sensation on later aspect of leg and foot
what other defect is expected and what nerve is it? - dorsiflexion and eversion of foot (common peroneal nerve)
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old person w/ arthritis and tingling over later digits of right hand
diagnosis? - carpal tunnel syndrome, median nerve compression
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cannot turn head to left and has right shoulder droop
what structure is damaged? - right CN XI (gets trapezius and SCM) - runs through jugular foramen w/ 9 and 10
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one, wild flailing arm
where is the lestion? - contralateral subthalamic nucleus (hemiballismus)
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woman in 3rd trimester has normal BP when sitting and standing - when supine, it drops to 90/50
diagnosis? - compression of the IVC
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kicked in leg - suffers damage to medial meniscus
what else is probably damaged? - ACL (the unhappy triad)
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shoulder dislocated anteriorly
what nerve is probably damaged? - axillary nerve (C5,C6)
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patient w/ cortical lesion does not know he has a disease
wher is the lestion - right parietal lobe
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child has cleft lip
what embryology has failed? - fusion of maxillary and medial nasal proceses
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pt cannot protrude tounge to left nad has a right sided spastic paralysis
where is the lestion? - left medulla, CN 7
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someone falls on elbow and cant feel medial part of palm
what nerve and what injury - ulnar nerve due to broken medial condyle
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male w/ testicular cancer
metastatic spread by what route? - para-aortic lymph nodes (recall development of testes during development
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w-ray shows midshaft break of humerus
what nerve and artery are likely to be damaged? - radial nerve and deep brachial artery (they run togehter)
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patient cannot blink right eye or seal his lips and has mild ptois on the right side
what diagnosis and what nerve is affected? - Bell's palsy - CN 7
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pain, numbness and tingling and tingling sensation - has wasting of thenar eminance
diagnosis and nerve? - carpal tunnel syndrome - median nerve