Intro to Music 2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Which response accurately describes the type of Indian music hear in the listening example?
- Karnatak Music
- Which instrument plays the melody in the Indian music?
- Sitar
- music initially conceived at the keyboard but later allocated to various instruments is called?
- an orchestration
- by turning to the various soloists and sections during a performance, what does the conductor convey, not only to the orchestra, but also to the audience?
- directs attention to the essential lines and themes of the music
- what is not considered an aspect of the raga? scale, meter, feeling, or melodic patterns
- meter
- which instrument normally accompanies the sitar?
- tabla
- where did Klezmer music orginate?
- eastern European countries of Poland, Romania, Russia, Lithuania, and Ukraine
- how has the popularity of Klezmer music been?
- it nearly became extinct during the mid-20th century, but has enjoyed a huge revival since
- where is Klezmer music traditionally heard?
- at social events, particularly Jewish weddings
- which statement does not apply to Musorgsky? rejected the influence of western music and composed in a distinctly russian style, his final years were ravaged by alcoholism and poverty, demonstrated great musical talent as a child, playing a piano concert
- while studying with Tchaikovsky at the Moscow Conservatory, he won a prize for composition that enabled him to take a three year trip to Rome
- which term refers to the distinct tone quality of sound?
- timbre
- this term describes the technique used by string players, in which they rapidly repeat the same pitch with quick up and down strokes of the bow?
- tremolo
- which term describes the slight wobble given to a pitch that adds richness to the tone?
- vibrato
- which term literally means "one sounding" and consists of a single melody without accompaniment?
- monophony
- which musical form, illustrated by the pattern ABACA, consists of a musical refrain that alternates with contrasting music?
- rondo
- what is the form which alters each successive repetition of the melody?
- theme and variations
- the concluding part of a musical phrase is called a:
- cadence
- negative feelings such as sorrow, fear, and despair are generally associated with this scale
- minor
- the combination of pitches sounds harsh and jarring, resulting in a harmonic tension that ultimately seeks resolution
- dissonance
- what is the term that describes when instruments or voices play or sing together on one pitch or melodic line?
- in unison
- identify the statement that does not apply to Gregorian chant. a cappella, falsetto voice, descant, counterpoint
- a cappella
- what is the term for the early polyphony of the western church?
- organum
- identify the incorrect statement regarding the madrigal? it emerged in italy about the year 1530, sung by large a cappella choirs, sung in some vernacular language, emphasizes the meaning of the poetry at any given moment
- sung by large a cappella choirs
- the ordinary of the mass describes
- the chants with unvarying texts that are sung virtually every day
- what is the definition of motet
- early polyphony of the western church from the 9th through the 13th centuries
- the mass of our lady is important because it
- is the first unified mass setting
- although this composer was born in northern europe, he spent most of his early career in Italy, where he excelled in writing motets
- Josquin
- which term identifies the composer-poets of medieval germany?
- minnesinger
- this temperamental and egotistical composer, who was described as the musical equivalent of the Michelangelo, was so talented that he could demand twice the salary of his gifted peers
- Josquin
- identify the musical statement that does not apply to Adhan. it is the islamic call to worship, heard twice a day at sunrise and sunset, traditionally a muezzin sings from a minaret, the text is always sung in Arabic and the words never change
- heard twice a day, at sunrise or sunset
- this composer's music was so widely admired that later composers, including Bach and mozart, incorporated elements of his style into some of their sacred works
- palestrina
- which composer is not known for secular music? hildegard of bingen, guillaume dufay, beatriz countess of dia, gullaume de machaut
- hildegard of bingen
- this composer, who as a child was given to the church as a tithe, later founded a convent and gave advice to popes as well as kings
- hildegard of bingen
- ___________ was one of the most important composers of organum
- master leoninus
- the most important composer of the fourteenth century, this individual was also a gifted poet whose works are considered equivalent to those of Geoffrey Chaucer
- guillame de Machaut
- in chapters 6 and 7, basso continuo was: utilized as a foundation for melodies expressed above, featured through instruments such as harpsichord, bassoon, and cello, a new progression during the Baroque period, or all of the above
- all of the above
- the baroque sonata is defined as
- instrumental music recognized for its dance like character
- the baroque concerto: could feature a soloist accompanied by an orchestra, could feature a small ensemble of soloists accompanied by an orchestra, contained three movements: serious, lyrical, then dance like, or all of the above
- all of the above
- ritornello form is known for
- returning to a main them or refrain
- what is the role of a liberttist
- to take the text and sing it, while adding the many different baroque embellishments
- what is the recitative
- musically heightened speech used to express dramatic action, uses repetitive notes
- what is the aria
- a melismatic piece that is used to reflect emotionally on the recitative, always has a full orchestral accompaniment
- what is the purpose of opera
- secular entertainment
- what is the performance style of opera
- fully dramatized with costumes and staging
- what is the subject of opera
- classical mythology and ancient history
- claudio monteverdi is known as the inventor of
- opera
- giovanni gabrieli is known best as
- a composer of polychoral motets
- henry purcells passion for opera was displayed in dido and aeneas. in it the most typical of operatic topics are included:
- love and grief
- describe a fugue
- a fugue has 3 or more musical lines, whether vocal or instrumental, begins with an exposition where each line displays the subject, then has repeating sections of freer episodes and then the subject
- whats special about bach's concerto no. 5
- it featured the harpsichord as a solo instrument
- what is the purpose of the cantata
- church services
- what is the performance style of the cantata
- concert style
- what is the subject of the cantata
- gospel texts
- what is the purpose of the oratorio
- religious entertainment
- what is the performance style of the oratorio
- concert style
- what is the subject of the oratorio
- biblical subjects
- mozart used comic opera to
- poke fun of the nobility for its pomposity and incompetence
- what austrian city did mozart finally settle in because of its rich musical life
- vienna
- name three genres in which mozart specialized
- opera, symphony, sonata
- list several adjectives used to describe classical music
- simplistic, predictable, controlled, rigid yet still room for creativity, balanced, proportioned
- one of Haydns most famous symphonies is no. 94, also known as the ________ symphony
- surprise
- haydns role as a court composer was really that of a servant to:
- prince nikolas esterhazy
- haydn is known as the father of the
- string quartet
- describe the role of music in society in 18th century northern europe
- the role of music in society in 18th century northern europe was to entertain the middle class alongside the nobility; and then the music became a powerful voice for social change as it poked at the nobility
- what pattern is recognized in the form of a symphony
- fast, slow, fast
- name the three major sections of sonata allegro form
- exposition, development, recapitulation
- usually, a classic concerto featured this instrument
- solo piano
- describe the main difference between baroque opera and classic opera
- baroque opera used heroic characters, rigid separations between recitative and aria, opera seria, and classic opera used natural characters, flowing recitatives and arias with many moods and emotions, and opera buffa
- what form is created in minuet and trio
- ABABAA CDCDCC ABA
- what is ternary form
- ABA
- what is rondo form
- ABACABA
- what's the difference between a classical symphony and a romantic symphony
- the romantics retained the classical 4 movement symphony. however, the third movement was changed to a much more emotional style, the finale took on a much more serious tone, and the pieces grew dramatically in length- therefore less were composed
- what's the difference between a classical concerto and a romantic concerto
- the romantics retained the classical 3 movement concerto- fast-slow-fast. however, these pieces also nearly doubled in length, therefore, much less of them were composed
- define verismo opera
- depicted the ugly and vulgar nature of life during the industrial revolution
- what's bel canto opera
- means beautiful singing, involved soprano prima donnas/divas
- whats program music
- an orchestral composition in which, through its movements, tells a story from some extra musical event
- what is the romantic aesthetic or the ideals of romantic music
- love and nature, musical pride and nationalism
- his symphonie fantastique was revolutionary, just like his lifestyle (participated in Parisian revolution, consorted with italian bandits, turned failed love affair into musical inspiration)
- berlioz
- known as a piano virtuoso, she performed more than 50 concerts a year
- clara schumann
- known as the piano poet and a national hero in poland, his mazurka is a fast-paced polish dance, composed primarily for the piano
- chopin
- this italian composer's operas rigoletta, la traviata, and il trovatore are still performed more than any opera by any composer
- verdi
- the last of the three b's; wrote a requiem in the language of the listeners, based upon scripture rather than the latin mass; wrote lullaby and rustic pieces such as the violin concerto in d major
- brahms
- relationship with pen pal madame von meck allowed him to become a full-time composer; taught music theory at the moscow conservatory; famous works include the 1812 overture and the nutcracker suite
- tchaikovsky
- wrote the pathetique and went deaf, father of romanticism
- beethoven
- a classical romantic composer, conducted bach's st matthew passion and elevated interest in other master works, wrote a midsummer nights dream
- mendehlssohn
- known as one of the best pianists of all time; wrote some of the most difficult piano music, in over 1,000 european concerts, drove audiences to hysteria (sex symbol)
- liszt
- produced erlking at the age of 17 and the trout at 20. wrote over 600 lieder and lived a bohemian lifestyle
- schubert
- a ruthless visionary, established gesamtkunstwerk through his german operas, established leitmotifs in his mythological operas referred to as the ring
- wagner
- his slavic dances are based upon folk music of his homeland; most famous and beloved czech composer, taught at a music conservatory in new york, wrote the new world symphony
- dvorak
- the last in the line of great german syphonic composers; directed the viennese opera and philharmonic as well as the metropolitan opera and the new york philharmonic; nine symphonies
- mahler
- completed the golden century of italian opera in the 1800s wiht la boheme
- puccini
- this tragic genius is known for his character pieces for piano, many lieder, and scenes from childhood, died of mental illness
- robert schumann
- where did expressionism originate
- german-austrian movement
- describe the style of expressionism
- extension of german romanticism, very dissonant and atonal
- new classicism came as a respone to
- wishing to stray from all the places that the germans had brought music to as a response to WWI
- this composers works can be divided into three stylistic periods 1) russian ballet, 2) neo-classical, and 3) 12 tone his most recognized work is the rite of spring
- stravinsky
- the first composer to use polytonality in a composition, composed variations on america at age 17
- ives
- this impressionist composed prelude to the afternoon of a faun and studied at the parisian conservatory
- debussy
- best known new orleans jazz artist; created scat singing
- armstrong
- after studying in paris and hearing french and russian music, he was determined to compose in a distinctly american style, such as appalachain spring
- copland
- this impressionist manipulated folk rhythms in his rhapsodie espagnole to sound like the habanera dance from spain
- ravel
- youre listening to his 4'33" right now, created chance music and the prepared piano
- cage
- her concerto grosso 1985 is designed to combine modernism with earlier musical traditions
- zwilich
- incorporates ancient christian chant with new age music, as in song or athene
- tavener
- hungarian nationalist and modernist composer, wrote concerto for orchestra
- bartok
- an important innovator in the field of electronic music; wrote poeme electronique
- varese
- king of ragtime, his most famous work in maple leaf rag
- joplin
- created atonal music and the 12 tone method, sprechstimme, and wrote pierrot lunaire
- schonberg
- best rock band ever
- boston