Human Body Systems (Basic)
Terms
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- Name the levels of organization.
- Cells - Tissues - Organs - Organ Systems
- How many organ systems are there in the human body?
- 11
- The eleven morgan systems of teh human body work together to maintain ___________ in the body as a whole.
- Homeostais
- Nervous System
- Recognizes and coordinates the body's response to chanes in its internal and external environments.
- Integumentary System
- Serves as a varrier against infection and injury; helps to regulate body temperature; provides protection aganist the ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
- Repiratory System
- Provides oxygen needed for cellular respiration and removes excess carbon dioxide from the body.
- Digestive System
- Coverts food into simpler molecules that can be used by the cells of the body; absorbs food; eliminates wastes.
- Excretory System
- Elimates waste products from the body in ways that maintain homeostasis.
- Skeletal System
- Supports the body; allows movement; stores mineral resources; proviedes a site for blood cell formation.
- Muscular System
- Works with skeletal system to produce a voluntary movement; helps to circulate blood and move food throught the digestive system.
- Circulatory System
- Brings oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells; fights infection; removes cell wastes; helps to regulate body temperature.
- Endocrine System
- Controls growth, development, and metabloism; maintains homeostasis.
- Reproductive System
- Produces reproductive cells; in females, nurtures and protects developing embryo.
- Lymphatic/Immune System
- Helps protect teh body from disease; collets fluid lost from blood vessels and resturns the fluid to the circulatory system.
- What are the 4 types of tissue?
- Epithelial, Connective, Nervous, Muscle
- Epithelial tissue..
- includes glands and tissues that cover the interior and exterior body surfaces
- Connective tissue..
- provides support for the body and connects it's parts
- Nervous tissue..
- transmits nerve impulses throughout the body
- Muscle tissue..
- along with bones, allows the body to move
- What is homeostasis?
- It is the process by which organisms keep internal conditions relatively constant despite changes in external environmetns.
- What is feedback inhibition?
- The process in which a stimulus produces a response that oppose the original stimulus.
- A home heating system is an example of what?
- Feedbhack inhibition.
- Communication between two nerve cells takes place at?
- Synapse
- Communication between two nerve cells is called?
- come back
- What is a joint?
- A place where one bone attaches to another bone
- Depending on the type of movement what are the different classifications of joints?
- Immovable, Slightly moveable, freely moveable
- Immovable joint..
- Also called fixed joints, allow no movement. The bones are interlocked and held together by connective tissue. EX: where the bones and the skull meet
- Slightly Moveable joint..
- Small amount of restricted movement, bones are seperated from each other. EX: Between the two bones of the lower leg and the joints between the adjacent vertabrae
- Freely Moveable joint..
- Allow movement in one or more directions. There are 4 differnet types of Freely Movemable joints. EX: Elbow, Arm, Shoulder
- What are the 4 types of Freely moveable joints?
- Ball-and-Socket, Hinge, Pivot, Saddle
- Ball-and-socket joint..
- Allow movement in many directions. They allow the widest range of movement of any joint. EX: Shoulder
- Hinge joint..
- Allow back and forth movement, like the opening and closing of a door. EX: Knee
- Pivot joint..
- Allow one bone to rotate around another. EX: Elbow
- Saddle joint..
- Allow one bone to slide in two directions. EX: Hand
- What is cartlidge?
- A connective tissue
- Cells that make up cartilage are scattered in a network of protein fibers including..
- Collagen and Flexible Elastin
- The skeletong of an embryo is composed almost entirely of?
- Cartilage
- What connects skeletal muscles to bones?
- Tendons
- What is a tendon?
- Tough connective tissue that connects skeletal muscles to bones.
- What holds bones together at a joint?
- Ligaments
- What is a ligament?
- They hold bones together in a joint, and are attached to the membranes that surround bones. They are located on the first layer of the joint capsule.
- What does synovial fluid do?
- It is a thin film on the cartilage that covers the bony surfaces that form the joint.
- How many layers are in a joint capsule?
- Two
- How many types of tissues are thier?
- Three
- What are the different types of muscle tissue?
- Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac
- Skeletal..
- Usually attached to bones, and are responsible for voluntary movements. Found in the leg.
- Smooth..
- Usually not under voluntary control. Found in the digest tract.
- Cardiac..
- Foudn only in the heart. Not under voluntary control.
- What is Muscle Tissue?
- Found everywhere inside the body. Muscles.
- Where is the epidermis?
- The outer layer of the skin.
- What layer of your skin is made up of dead skin cells?
- The epidermis.
- What is keratin?
- A tough fiberous protein made in the inner layer of the epidermis.
- What is melanin?
- Dark brown pigment, that helps protect the skin from damage by absorbing ultraviolet rays from the sun.