KI 7

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An instrument to measure the reflection of solution: refractometer
Science of seeing small things: microscopy
Total magnification on a microscope =: Ocular X Objective
When viewed through a compound light microscope, an object appears _____ and ____.: upside down, reversed
The purpose of the condenser is to ______: focus light from the light source on the object
A ______ controlled by a rheostat controls the intensity of the light entering the condenser.: transformer
A ______ is used to focus the light entering the condenser.: field diaphragm
If a parasite resides on the surface of its host, it is termed an _____: Ectoparasite
Collection methods of ectoparasite: Skin Scraping, Cellophane tape
Hosts that harbors sexually mature adults, mate, reproduce eggs in the host: Definitive host
Harbors juvenile, asexual, or immature parasites: Intermediate host
You are not required, but you may pick up the parasites.: Accidental host
Parasites cannot survive without ____ host and ______ host.: definitive, intermediate
Different body forms. ex. butterfly: Metamorphosis
Adult differs from immatures. ex. flies, fleas: Complete
Fly larvae =: maggots
Flyâ€™s cocoon =: pupae
Adult similar to immature. ex. lice: Incomplete
just barely in the skin: Infestation
internal parasites: Endoparasites
Linnaean classification scheme in order: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species (King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti)
Domestic dog's kingdom & phylum: Animalia, Chordata
Domestic dog's class & order: Mammalia, Carnivora
Domestic dog's family, genus and species: Canidae, Canis, Familiaris
Insect's kindgom: animalia
Insect's phylum: & class
phylum name for animals with legs with joints, has chitin, exoskeltal: arthropoda
Class insecta's major characteristic: 3 distinct body divisions (head, thorax, abdomen), 6 legs
6 orders of class Insecta: Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Mallophaga, Anoplura, Diptera, Siphonaptera
Ex of Hymenoptera: ants, bees, wasps
Ex of Hemiptera: true bugs
Ex of Diptera: flies, mosquitoes
Ex of Siphonaptera: fleas
Lice affects _______: all mammals
Lice is flattened in: Dorsoventral (DV)
Lice eggs =: nit
Class name of tick & mites: Arachnida
Major characteristics of Arachnida: 8 legs, 2 body parts
infestation with lice, mostly in large animals: Pediculosis
The majority of ectoparasites are either _____ or ______.: insects, arachnids
4x objective is called _______: scanning
10x objective is called _______: low-power
All adult _____ have jointed legs: Arthropod
The phylum name and the common name of ectoparasites that reside within the skin: Nematoda, roundworms
Every living thing is known aby a scientific name that is made up of 2 components: ______ and the ______.: genus, specific epithet (species)
Plural of genus: genera
Order Hymenoptera belongs to the class _____ and examples are:: insecta, ants, bees, wasps
Dx of hymenoptera: Sealed container collection in 10% formalin or ethyl alcohol and submission to an entomologist for ID
2 groups of hemipterans: Reduviid bugs (kissing bugs), bed bugs
Kissing bugs serve as intermediate hosts for _________, a protozoan parasite that can produce a reare disease in people & dogs called Chagas' disease.: Trypanosoma cruzi
_______ are dorsoventrally flattened, wingless hemipterans that often infest homes.: Bed bugs
Dx of Hemiptera: Sealed container collection in 10% formalin or ethyl alcohol and submission to an entomologist for ID
2 orders of lice: Mallophaga, Anoplura
Chewing or biting lice: Mallophaga
Sucking lice: Anoplura
Members of the order _______ are smaller than sucking lice.: Mallophaga
Lice with big head and legs built for mobility to hide. Chews skin debris. Lap up blood that ooze out. Found in bird feathers.: Mallophaga
Larger lice with claws to cling to the host's hairs. Penetrate through skin to suck. After sucking blood, it looks darker.: Anoplura
Lice not found in birds.: Anoplura
Life cycle of Orders Mallophaga and Anoplura: egg, nymphal, adult
______ is tiny oval, white, and usually found cemented to the hair or feather shaft.: nit
Nits hatch about ________ days after being laid by the adult female louse.: 5-14
The ______ stage of lice is similar in appearance to the adult, but it is smaller and lacks functioning reproductive organs and genital openings.: nymphal
It takes _______ to complete the lice life cycle: 3-4 weeks
Lice usually are transmitted by ______, but all life stages may be transmitted by ___.: direct contact, fomites
Infestation by Mallophagan or Anopluran is referred to as ________: pediculosis
Sucking lice can cause _____ and fatalities can occur.: anemia
The PCV in pediculosis can __________: drop as much as 10% to 20%.
Dx of lice: Examination of the haircoat or feathers to find lice & nits with magnifying lens to collect. Observe using mineral oil on a microsope slide. ID by visual examination of head size.
Intermediate host for the canine heartworm: mosquitoes
Fleas are ____ compressed insects with powerful ______.: laterally, hind legs
Cat flea: Ctenocephalides felis
Dog flea: Ctenocephalides canis
__________ is aka "stick-tight flea" of poultry.: Echidnophaga gallinacea
___ fleas have abrupt flat nose: echidnophaga gallinacea
Human flea: Pulex irritans
______ resemble tiny pearls, non-sticky, white, oval and rounded at both ends: Flea eggs
_____ spin a sticky, silky cocoon that often becomes covered with environmental debris. This is the ____ stage.: Flea larvae, pupal
Flea causes:: pritus
Self trauma
allergic dermatitis
Anemia
Tapeworm
Plague
Rickettsia
Dx of Ctenocephalides canis: Examination of skin for adult fleas and "flea dirt", dermatitis
The protrusion on the head of felas: comb
Diff between lice & fleas: Fleas have more agile legs
Similarities between lice & fleas: Both have no wings and have parasitic mouthparts
Flea life cycle: Eggs
Larvae
Pupa (sometime)
Young adult
_____ eats flea dirt: Flea larvae
Flea egg is _______ in size and hatches in ________.: 0.5 mm
1-6 days
naked eye can see things as small as ______: 0.2 mm
Maggot's size is ______ and this stage lasts about _______: 1-5 mm
5-11 days
_____ spins a cocoon to metamorphis, outside is very sticky, they wonâ€™t come out unless they feel something like movement and CO2: Flea Pupa
Flea pupa stage lasts about _____.: 1-2 weeks
Young flea adult needs _____ soon within 1-3 days: blood meal
Entire life cycle of fleas is _____ days, usually ______ weeks: 12-350
3-6
Flea can remain in pupa up to _____: 1 year
This flea monthly topicals is hazardous to cats: Permethrin & Pyrethrins
An insecticide extracted from flowers that is commonly found in pet sprays, dips, shampoos, dusts, foggers.: Pyrethrins
________ is also a synthetic form of pyrethrin: Permethrin
___ is a highly specific adulticide. Product name is Frontline Tope Spot: Fipronil
Flea sprays tend to contain ____.: pyrethrins
Oral flea program, ________, prevents eggs from hatching and chitin from developing: Lufenuron
IDI stands for _____: insect development inhibitor
______ contains Nitenpyram, a nicotine-derivative. It is safe and very effective oral flea medication.: Capstar 24 hrs
____ an injectable flea medication contains Lufenuron. It is applied every 6 months.: Program
Flea combs should have ____ teeth per inch: 32
You can apply ______ on the lawn to kill fleas.: parasitic roundworms
Advantage flea control contains _______: Imidacloprid
Common IGRs: Methoprene
Nylar (Pyriproxyfen)
________ is relatively non-toxic, abrasive to desiccants, used to treat the environment against flea larvae and pupae.: Sodium polyborate
________ is a food grade insecticide. It is comprised of the fossilized remains of diatoms. The diatom shells are covered in sharp spines that make them dangerous to exoskeletal insects, but not to animals with internal skeletons.: Diatomaceous Earth
IGR stands for ______: Insect Growth Regulators
4 IDIs learned in class w/product name: Imidacloprid â€“ Advantage
Pyroproxyfen â€“ Bio Spot
Methoprene â€“ Frontline Plus
Lufeneron â€“ Program
Arthropod parasites are _____ and ______: Insect parasites
Arachnid parasites
Ex. of insect parasites: Lice
Fleas
Flies
Flies are ______. If they see a habitat they like, they go for it. i.e. open wound, matted hair, feces.: opportunistic
Larval dipterans may develop in the subcutaneous tissues of the skin or organs of many domestic animals, producing a condition known as ________.: myiasis
In _________, the fly larvae are completely parasitic, ie, they depend on the host to complete the life cycle.: obligatory myiasis
Commonly known as screwworm, this fly is eradicated in North America.: Cochliomyia
Larvae of the genus ______ infest dogs & cats in the subcutaneous tissues and causes swollen cystlike lesion.: Cuterebra
Larvae develop under skin, there is a hole on the skin to breathe. Donâ€™t smash it because the inside can cause anaphylactic reaction: Hypoderma
Subclass of the arthropod class Arachnida that includes the mite and tick: Acarina
Mites and ticks are mebers of the class _________: Acarina
A group of parasitic mites that causes pruritus in domestic animals. They are barely visible to the naked eye and has a oval body shape. They have pedicels with suckers.: sarcoptiform
2 basic families of sarcoptiform mites: Sarcoptidae
Psoroptidae
Sarcoptiform mites that burrow within th eepidermis and entire life cycle is spent on host: Sarcoptidae
Sarcoptiform mites that live on skin surface or within the ear: Psoroptidae
List 3 Sarcoptidae: Sarcoptes
Notoedres
Cnemidocoptes
List 3 Psoroptidae: Psoroptes
Chorioptes
Otodectes
Lify cycle of Sarcoptidae: eggs
larvae
nymph
adults
Scabies is AKA: Sarcoptes scabiei
Key morphologic feature of sarcoptic scabiei: long unjointed pedicel with sucker on the end of some of the legs
An anatomical part that resembles a stem or stalk: pedicel
Dx of Sarcoptes scabiei: Skin scraping on large area, 4 inch square, superficially, get a lot of debris
Feline scabies: Notoedres cati
Notoedres cati is AKA: Mange mite
Notoedres cati looks similar to sarcoptic scabiei, but are ______ with a ________: smaller
dorsal anus
The eggs of Sarcoptes scabiei and Notoedres catiare ____ shape: oval
Notoedres affects cats & rabbits and causes ________ in head and feet.: Crusty legions
The eggs of Sarcoptes and Notoedric are _______ shape.: oval
__________ causes scaly leg in parakeets.: Cnemidocoptes
_______ occurs most commonly in the external ear canal of rabbits and causes abundant crusts of dried serum. The clinical signs include shaking and scratching of head.: Psoroptes Cuniculi
________ exhibit characteristic long, jointed pedicels with suckers on the ends of some of the legs.: Psoroptes
Foot and tail mite: Chorioptes
Itchy leg mite: Chorioptes
_______ is found on the hind legs of an animal and causes mild pruritis.: Chrioptes
______ have short unjointed pedicels w/some suckers: Chrioptes
Ear mite that I'll see in practice: Otodectes
Clinical signs of _______ includes head shaking, â€œcoffee groundsâ€ debris, and intense irritation: Otodectes
Like Chorioptes, ________ also has short unjointed pedicels w/some suckers.: Otodectes
Dx of otodectes is made by:: Otoscope & Ear swab
Use ________ on a glass slide to examing an ear swab: mineral oil
Is demodex sarcoptiform or miscellaneous mites?: Miscellaneous
Mites of the genus _____ reside in the hair follicles and sebaceous glands of people and most domestic animals.: Demodex
Disease caused by an increased number of Demodex is called ______: demodicosis
______ are elongated mites with short, stubby legs.: Demodex
Dx of Demodex: Skin scrape â€“ small area, squeeze hair follicle
The _____ eggs are spindle-shape or tapered at each end: Demodex
Small numbers of these mites are part of the normal skin flora, however, in dogs with immunodeficiencies, these mites proliferate and cause skin disease.: Demodex
Demodex is transmitted by: close contact
What should you do when looking for Demodex under microscope: Count the live:dead ratio
Presence of larvae or nimph or egg
Good prognostic indicator for demodex: decrease in the number of eggs and live mites
Tx of Demodex: Poison, lye sulfur, acrocide
â€œWalking dandruffâ€: Cheyletiella
Morphologic features of Cheyletiella: Visible to the naked eye
Hooklike accessory mouthparts
Dx of Cheyletiella: Use tape
Poultry mites: Ornithonyssus
________ has long legs to walk around and hang around in the environment and looks for a host: Ornithonyssus
Ticks are characterized by ______ compressed bodies: dorsoventrally
Ticks' body color can be _______ or ______: Red/brown
plain
Ticks eat ________: blood
2 families of ticks of veterinary importance: Argasid
Ixodid
Soft ticks with leathery look: Argasid
Hard ticks, obvious head: Ixodid
Life cycle of ticks: egg
larva
nimph
adult
Infestation of domestic animals by mites or ticks is called ________: acariasis
Ticks can survive _________ without a blood meal: 2-3 years
______ is required for tick's egg fertilization and deposition: Blood
Tick activity is restricted during the ________ months: cold winter
With Otobius megnini, only ____ stages are parasitic: Larva and nymph
______ are often confused with ear mites: Soft ticks
Hard chitinous plate of ticks: scutum
Ticks commony seen in North America: Rhipcephalus sanguineus
Rhipcephalus sanguineus is AKA: brown dog tick
Base of the head of ticks: capitulum
Rhipicephalus sanguineus is characterized by its ______ shape: hexagonal
Roundworms is Phylum _______: Nematoda
The life cycle of most parasites has at least one stage at which the parasite may be passed from one host to the next. This is called _________: diagnostic stage
Time from infection until time infection can be routinely diagnosed: Prepatent period
Kingdom prostia, single cell animal: Protozoa
The most common sites for protozoa detection are in _______: blood samples
Protozoa in blood: hemoprotozoa
Protozoa in fecal: intestinal protozoa
AKA flukes: Trematodes
___ are unsegmented, leaf shaped, flatworms: Trematodes
Most adult flukes are found in the:: intestinal tract
liver
lungs
having male and female sex organs: hermaphrodites
Fluke eggs are ______: operculated
Fluke eggs hatch and exit through the ______: operculum
Fluke's first intermediate host is usually a _______: snail
AKA Tapeworms: Cestodes
Characteristics of cestodes: Flattened
Proglottids
Scolex
Segments of cestodes are called _______: proglottids
a little head with sucker and hooks of cestodes: scolex
Each _______ of cestodes is an entity with repro system: proglottid
Proglottids contain eggs with ___________: hexacanth embryos
Embryos with an internal structure with 6 hooks: hexacanth embryos
Cestodes egg are eaten by _________: intermediate host
Ex of cestodes itermediate host: arthropod - flea, fish, mammal
AKA roundworms: Nematodes
Nematodes are found in ________: almost any tissue of domestic animals
If you see an animal that has fleas, need to do fecal and look for __________: tapeworms
_____ is a nematode that often forms nodules in the esophageal wall of dogs and cats: Spirocerca
Spirocerca eggs have ________ shape: paper clip
Capillaria is a ________: nematode
Capillaria's eggs are ____ shape and has _________: barrel
bipolar caps
______ eggs are confusing with trichurisâ€™ egg which is also footbll shaped with bipolar caps: Capillaria
Difference between Trichuris egg and Capillaria eggs: Capillaria eggs have flattened sides
parasitic nematode worm: Ascarids
______ are the ascarids of dogs and cats: Toxocara and Toxascaris
The eggs of ______ are spherical, with a deeply pigmented center and a rough, pitted outer shell.: Toxocara
______ egg has a space between wall and the circle middle: Toxascaris
Ascarids are found in the ________: small intestine
Prepatent period for Toxocara is _________.: 21 to 35 days
Prepatent period for Toxascaris is _________.: 74 days
Roundworm found in the small intestine of dogs: Toxocara canis
Roundworm found in the small intestine of cats: Toxocara cati
a blood-sucking, disease-causing nematode worm that bores through the skin, attaching itself to the intestinal walls with its hooked mouthparts.: hookworm
wicked mouth hookworm, found in dog, catâ€™s small intestine: Ancylostoma
______ infection can cause severe anemia in young kittens and puppies.: Hookworm
Eggs of all ________ are oval or ellipsoid, have thin walls and contain 8-16 cells when passed in the pet's feces.: hoookworm
Intestinal threadworms: Strongyloides
_________ are unique in that only a parthenogenetic female is parasitic in the host.: Strongyloides
female that can lay eggs without copulation with a male: parthenogenetic
The eggs of Strongyoides hatch in the __________: intestine
The prepatent period of Strongyloides is _______.: 1-2 weeks
Whipworm: Trichuris
______ reside in the cecum and colon of the host: Trichuris
The prepatent period for Trichuris is ________-: 70-90 days
_________ eggs have thin wall and blobs inside: Ancylostoma
a thread-shaped nematode worm that occurs as a parasite in the intestines of vertebrate animals, including human beings.: pinworm
Tapeworm: Cestodes
major tapeworm Iâ€™ll see: Dipylidium
Dogs & cats become infected by Dipylidium by ingesting ______: fleas
Dipylidium are found in the ____: small intestine of the dog & cat
Cucumber seed tapeworm: Dipylidium
Prepatent period for Dipylidium is __________: 2-3 weeks
____ are pretty innocuous: Cestodes
classic looking tapeworm: Taenia

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Number of cards 246