Chapter 22: Plant Diversity
Chapter 22: Plant Diversity
Terms
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- sporophyte
- diploid, or spore-producing, phase of an organism
- cone
- in gymnosperms, a seed-bearing structure; in the retina of the eye, a photoreceptor that responds to light of different colors, producing color vision
- fruit
- wall of tissue surrounding an angiosperm seed
- dicot
- angiosperm whose seeds have two cotyledons
- sorus
- cluster of sporangia on the underside of a fern frond
- pollination
- transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure to the female reproductive structure
- vascular tissue
- type of plant tissue specialized to conduct water and nutrients throughout a plant
- vein
- in plants, a cluster of vascular tissue in leaves; in animals, a blood vessel that returns blood to the heart
- archegonium
- female reproductive structure in some plants, including mosses and liverworts
- bryophyte
- nonvascular plant; examples are mosses and their relatives
- frond
- large leaf of a fern
- monocot
- angiosperm whose seeds have one cotyledon
- antheridium
- male reproductive structure in some algae and plants
- pollen grain
- male gametophyte in seed plants
- angiosperm
- flowering plant; bears its seeds within a layer of tissue that protects the seed
- embryo
- organism in its early stage of development
- protonema
- mass of tangled green filaments in mosses that forms during germination
- annual
- flowering plant that completes a life cycle within one growing season
- seed coat
- structure that surrounds and protects a plant embryo and keeps it from drying out
- tracheid
- hollow plant cell in xylem tissue with thick cell walls that resist pressure
- xylem
- vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant
- flower
- seed-bearing structure of an angiosperm
- perennial
- flowering plant that lives for more than two years
- lignin
- substance in vascular plants that makes cell walls rigid
- biennial
- flowering plant that completes its life cycle in two years
- gemma
- small cup-shaped structure in liverworts that contains many haploid cells; used for asexual reproduction
- rhizome
- creeping or underground stem in ferns
- rhizoid
- in fungi, a rootlike hypha that penetrates the surface of an object; in mosses, a long, thin cell that anchors the moss to the ground and absorbs water and minerals from the surrounding soil
- gametophyte
- haploid, or gamete-producing, phase of an organism
- stem
- supporting structure that connects roots and leaves and carries water and nutrients between them
- gymnosperm
- seed plant that bears its seeds directly on the surfaces of cones
- leaf
- photosynthetic organ that contains one or more bundles of vascular tissue
- phloem
- vascular tissue responsible for the transport of nutrients and the carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis
- seed
- embryo of a living plant that is encased in a protective covering and surrounded by a food supply
- cotyledon
- first leaf or first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a seed plant
- sporangium
- structure in ferns and some fungi that contains spores
- root
- underground organ in plants that absorbs water and minerals