Stat Chapter 5
Experimental and Observational Studies
Terms
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- Experimenter Effect
- When the experimenter can bias the results.
- Interacting Variables
- When the effect of one explanatory variable one the response variable depends on what's happening with another explanatory variable.
- Hawthorne Effect
- The effect of participants knowing they're in a study.
- Retrospective Study
- A study in which participants are asked to recall past events.
- Ecological Validity
- A generalizable setting.
- Block Design
- An extension of the matched-pair design to 3 or more treatments.
- Double blinding
- When neither the participant, nor the researcher taking measurements knows the treatment.
- Prospective Study
- A study in which participants are followed into the future.
- Confounding Variable
- Associated with both the explanatory (differs in the same way) and response (affects) variables.
- Case-Control Study
- A study in which cases who have a particular attribute or condition are compared with controls who do not.
- Matched-Pair Designs
- Experimental designs that ise either 2 matched individuals, or the same individual to recieve each of two treatments.
- Response Variable
- An outcome variable.
- Explanatory Variable
- A variable that attempts to explain or is purported to cause differences in a response.
- Control Groups
- groups that are handled identically to the treatment group, except they dont recieve an active treatment.