chapter 8
Terms
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- Flexible manufacturing
- Designing machines to do multiple tasks so that they can produce a variety of products
- Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
- The uniting of computer-aided design with computer-aided manufacturing
- ISO 9000
- The common name given to quality management and assurance standards
- Facility location
- The process of selecting a gepgraphic location for a company's operations
- computer-aided design (CAD)
- The use of computers in the design of products
- just-in-time (JIT) inventry control
- A production process in which a minimum of inventory is kept on the premises and parts, supplies, and other needs are delivered just in time to go on the assembly line
- Process manufacturing
- That part of the production process that physically or chemically changes materials
- Materials requirement planning (MRP)
- A computer-based production management system that uses sales forecasts to make sure that needed parts and materials are available at the right time and place
- Progran evaluation and reviems technique (PERT)
- A method for analyzing the tasks involved in completing a given project, estimating the time needed to complete each task, and identifying the minimum time needed to complete the total project
- Mass customization
- Tailoring products to meet the needs of individual customers
- Intermittent process
- A production process in which the production run is short and the machines are changed frequently to make different products
- Assembly process
- That part of the production process that puts together components
- ISO 14000
- A collection of the best practices for managing an organization's impact on the enviroment
- Lean manufacturing
- The production of goods using less of everything compared to mass production
- Enterprie resource plannin (ERP)
- A computer aplication that enables multiple firms to manage al of thier operations on the basis of a single, integrated set of corporate data
- Gnatt chart
- Bar graph showing production managers what projects are being worked on and what stage they are in at any given time
- Statistical process control (SPC)
- The process of taking staistical samples of product components at each stage of the production process and ploting those results on a graph. Any variances from quality standards are recognized and can be corrected if beyond the set standards
- six sigma quality
- a quality measure that allows only 3.4 defects per killion opportunities
- Production
- The creation of finished goods and services using the factors of production: land, labor, capital, entreprenuership, and knowledge
- Facility layout
- The physical arrangement of resources in the production process
- Quality
- Consistently producing what the customers wants while reducing errors before and after delivery to the costomer
- Form utility
- The value added by the creation of finished goods and services, such as the value added by taking silicon and making computer chips or putting services together to create a vacation package
- Computer-aided manfacturing (CAM)
- The use of computers in the manufacturing of products
- Purchasing
- The function in a firm that searches for quality material resources, finds the best suppliers, and negotiates the best price for goods and services
- Critical path
- In a PERT network, the sequence of tasks that takes the longest time to compete
- Statistical quality control (SQC)
- The process some managers use to continually monitor all phases of the production process to assure that quality is being built into the product from the beginning
- Continuous process
- A production process in which long production runs turn out finished goods over time
- Operations management
- A specialized area in management that converts or transforms rescources into goods and services
- production management
- The term used to describe all the activists managers do to help their firms create goods