Nutrition Unit X

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Vitamins and minerals required for healthy soft tissue include:: Vitamin A, B complex & C
Iodine, Iron, & Zinc
Healthy adults produce _____ of saliva per day.: 1.0 - 1.5 L
Saliva contains.....: IF S PMS

Iodine, fluoride, sulfate, potassium, magnesium, sodium
Vitamin B-1 is AKA: Thiamin
Thiamin is used as a coenzyme in __________.: Carbohydrate metabolism
What products are good sources of thiamin (aka B-1)?: Pork, grain products, nuts
This deficiency occurs in developing countries where polished rice is the staple diet.: Thiamin (AKA B-1)
What enzyme inactivates thiamine?: Thiaminase
Known as the "moral vitamin": Thiamin (AKA B-1)
Thiamin (AKA B1) deficiency results in ______. Oral manifistations include:: beriberi - burning, flabby, red edematous tongue and loss of taste.
When Beriberi is associated with alcohol the result is _______.: Wrinkle Korsakoff syndrome.

Symptoms: mental confusion, nystagmus, and ataxia (weird gait, uncoordinated muschle movement).
This deficiency is often seen in MALNOURISHED alcoholics.: Thiamin (AKA B-1)
Vitamin B-12 is AKA ____.: Riboflavin
Riboflacin is essential for ___ & _____.: healthy eyes & maintenance of mucous membranes.
With thiamin, riboflavin is necessary for the synthesis of __.: niacin
A riboflavin deficiency is often observed in _____ and _____.: alcoholics & the economically deprived.
Who is at risk of riboflavin deficiency and why?: Vegans becuase they avoid dairy.
Symptoms of a riboflavin deficiency include:: angular cheilosis, glossitis, red, smooth lips
Sensitivity to light can be associated with a deficiency of this vitamin.: Riboflavin (aka B-12)
A pebbly or granular appearance of the tongue is due to this vitamin.: Vitamin B-12 (aka riboflavin)
Congenital face abnormalities can result if there is a deficiency of __________.: Riboflavin (aka B-12)
______ increase the excretion of vitamin B-12 (aka riboflavin): Antibiotics
What is Vitamin B-3 AKA?: Niacin
What amino acid is the precursor for Niacin (AKA B-3): tryptophan
_____ is involved in the degradation of sucrose into oranic acids.: Niacin (AKA B-3)
_____ is found in milk, eggs, and meats.: Niacin (AKA B-3)
This vitamin can acts as a vasodilator and also is associated with liver disease, IBD, and gout.: B-3 (aka niacin)
This deficiency is usually associated with a ____ diet.: Maize
3 D's due to deficiency of Niacin.: Pellagra
1. Dermatitis
2. Diarrhea
3. Depression or Dementia
Prolonged treatment with ____ due to tuberculosis may lead to a niacin deficiency.: Isoniazid
Vitamin B-6 is AKA: Pyridoxine
True or False Vitamin B-6 is not a single vitamin.: True - it is a group of interrelatied pyridines: pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine.
This coenzyme aids in the conversion of tryptophan to niacin.: Pyridoxine (Vit B-6)
This coenzyme is important to protein metabolism.: Vitamin B-6 (Pyridoxine)
This coenzyme is involved in hemoglobin synthesis and RBC regeneration: Pyridoxine (Vit B-6)
True or False Microorganisms in the digestive tract produce limited amounts of vitamin B-6.: Truly-yo
____ are a good source of vitamin B-6.: Bananas
Symptoms: Ataxia (severe muscle incordination) and severe sensory neuropathy. Cause:: Acute pyridoxine (vit B-6) deficiency.
What is the most toxic WATER SOLUBLE vitamin?: Pyridoxine (vit B-6)
What drugs interfere with the metabolism of vitamin B-6 (AKA pyridoxine): isoniazid and cycloerine (for tuberculosis), penicillame, and oral contraceptives.
This coenzyme functions for 20 enzymes and is important for the synthesis of RNA nd DNA.: Folate
Levels of mature RBC's are maintained by these nutrients:: vitamin B-12, vitamin C, and folate
Masks symptoms of Vitamin B12 (AKA cobalamin) deficiency and can kidney damage.: Folate toxicity
Folate is found in:: Liver, leafy green veggies, legumes, OJ
The MOST COMMON vitamin deficiency in humans.: folate
this deficiency is associated with megoblastic anemia.: folate
Folate deficiency during pregnancy can result in ___.: spina bifida.
Associated with fiery red tongue, missing papillae and chronic peroidontitis with tooth mobility.: folate deficiency
This distinguishes b/t a folic acid deficiency and a vitamin B-12 (AKA COBALAMIN) deficiency.: CNS abnormalities
This is the ONLY vitamin that contains a mineral.: Vitamin B-12 (AKA COBALAMIN)
Vitamin B-12 is AKA: COBALAMIN & EXTRINSIC FACTOR
Vitamin B-12 combines with ____ to allow it to be absorbed in the small intestine.: Intrinsic facto.
Vitamin B-12 helps to maintain ______.: myelin sheath around nerve fibers
This vitamin is NOT found in any plants and ONLY found in animal sources.: Vitamin B-12 (AKA COBALAMIN)
True or False Vitamin B-12 has no harmful effects associated with taking large quantities: True
Pernicious anemia occurs mostly in old people and is due to a deficienct of ___.: Vitamin B-12 (AKA cobalamin)
Symptoms: Glossopyrosis, lesions on buccal and pharyngeal mucosa, neurologic symptoms and altered taste or decreased appetite is assoc. with this deficiency.: Vitamin B-12 (AKA cobalamin)
Burning Feet syndrome is associated with ____.: Pantothenic Acid
This acid is important in the syntheiss and degradation of triglycerides, phopholipids, and sterols.: Pantothenic Acid
Cure for Baldness: Biotin
How is biotin synthesized?: By intestinal microflora
Biotin deficiency can be produced by the ingestion of _____.: avidin, which is found in raw egg whites.
Biotin contains what element?: sulfur
Oral signs of deficiency of this nutrient include pallor of the tongue and patchy atrophy of the lingual papilla: Biotin
This vitamin protects soft tissues from infections.: Vitamin C
When deficient from this vitamin, collagen is weakened which leads to gingivitis and poor wound healing.: Vitamin C
This vitamin aids in the developemnt and maintenance of salivary glands.: Vitamin A
This vitamin helps prevent imflammation of the peridontium and promotes the integrity of cell membranes of the mucosa.: Vitamin E

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