Nutrition Unit II
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- The digestive system includes the _____ and ____.
- alimentary canal & several accessory organs.
- Digestion involves two basic of actions on food ____ & ____.
- Mechanical & chemicals
- Hydrolysis of a protein yields ____.
- amino acids
- Hydrolysis of a fat yields ____.
- fatty acids and glycerol
- Hydrolysis of carbohydrate yields ____.
- monosaccharides
-
True or False
Hydrolysis reactions are not dependent on enzymes. - False
-
Approximately __% of flavor is derived from odors.
a. 50
b. 75
c. 100
d. None of the above - b. 75
-
Taste buds consist of ____ cells.
a. 30 - 100
b. 10 - 30
c. 5 - 10
d. none of the above - a. 30 - 100
-
True or False
Taste disorders are the result of decreasing taste bud function. - False - it is more often the result of loss of smell
- ____ means loss of smell.
- Anosmia, and causual relationships include AGING, upper respiratory infections, nasal or sinus problems, neurological disorders, endocrine abnormalities, head trauma, and the common cold
- ____ is the persistant distortion of taste, including sweet, sour, bitter, salty, metallic tastes.
- Dysguesia
-
True or False
Dysgeusia can be caused by breathing through the mouth - True
- What is another word for salivary amylase?
- Ptyalin
-
Which of the following does saliva NOT do.
a. aid in remineralization
b. provide antibacterial action
c. removes debris from teeth
d. all of the above - d. all of the above
- _____ can occur when dentures fit poorly.
- Food asphyxiation
-
True or False
Taste disorders are the result of decreasing tast bud function. - False - it is more often the result of loss of smell
-
Which of the following does saliva NOT do.
a. aid in remineralization
b. provide antibacterial action
c. removes debris from teeth
d. it does all of the above - d. it does all of the above
- How is food transported into your stomach from your esophagus?
- By peristalsis and gravity.
-
Bolus + Gastric secretion = ____.
a. Chum
b. Chyme
c. Chymus
d. Chunky - b. Chyme
-
Gastric secretions include:
1.
2.
3.
4. -
1. Mucus
2. HCl
3. Enzymes
4. Intrinsic Factor - What are the two major enzymes found in gastric juice?
- Pepsin & Lipase
-
Intrinsic factor is necessary for the absorption of vitamin ____.
a. B12
b. B6
c. B4
d. B2 - a. B12
-
Nutrients that can be absorbed in the stomach include
1.
2.
3. -
1. Some water
2. Alcohol
3. Few water-soluble substances (amino acids and glucose) -
_____ hydrolyze carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
a. Lipase
b. Pepsin
c. Pancreatic Enzymes
d. Bile - c. Pancreatic enzymes
-
Most of the energy providing nutrients are hydrolyzed and absorbed in the ____.
a. small intestine
b. large intestine
c. duodenum
d. jejunum - a. small intestine
-
When proteolytic enzymes are stored in the pancreas they are _____.
a. acidic
b. inactive
c. active
d. basic - b. inactive
-
Bile is secreted in the ____ and stored in the ___.
a. liver, gallbladder
b. pancreas, liver
c. pancreas, gallbladder
d. adrenal gland, liver - a. liver, gallbladder
- Bile salts function to _____.
- Emulsify fats.
-
True or False
The large intestine has little or no digestive function. - True
-
Only about ____ of ingested foods and digestive secretions arrive in the large intestine.
a. 1/10
b. 1/15
c. 1/20
d. 1/25 - c. 1/20
-
Which of the following CANNOT be synthesized by the microflora in the colon?
a. Riboflavin
b. Biotin
c. Vitamin K
d. Vitamin A
e. Vitamin B12
f. Thiamin
g. Vitamin B6
h. two of the above
i. three of the - h. Two of the above - vitamin A and vitamin B6
- Vitamin K is important for adequate _____.
- blood coagulation