Biology Quiz I
Biology Quiz 1
(definitions from Prentice Hall Biology book)
(definitions from Prentice Hall Biology book)
Terms
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- heterotrophs
- organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply
- producer
- organisms that can apture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called an autotroph
- population
- a group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area
- food chain
- a series in steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
- Ecology
- the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment or surroundings
- autotroph
- organisms that can apture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer
- biosphere
- contains the combined portions of the planet in which all of life exists, includind land, air, water, or atmosphere
- biomass
- the total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level
- detritrvore
- feed on plant and animal remains and other dead matter (ex. mites, earthworms, snails, and crabs)
- community
- assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area
- species
- a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring
- decomposer
- breaks down organic matter (ex. bacteria and fungi)
- photosynthesis
- autotrophs that use light energy to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
- carnivore
- eat other animals (ex. snakes, dogs, and owls)
- trophic level
- each step in a food chain or food web
- herbivore
- obtain energy by eating only plants (ex. cows, caterpillars, and deer)
- omnivore
- eat both plants and animals
- biome
- a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities
- consumer
- another name for heterotroph
- ecosystem
- a collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving, or physical, environment
- food web
- links all the food chains in an ecosystem together
- chemosynthesis
- when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates
- ecological pyramid
- a diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a food chain or food web (3 types: energy, biomass, and of numbers)