170 - chapter 1
Terms
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- knowledge-and-information-intense products
- products that require a great deal of learning and knowledge to produce
- digital firm
- organization where all business processes and relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled, and key corporate assets are managed through digital means
- business process
- ways organizations coordinate and organize work activities, information, and knowledge to produce a product or service
- supply chain management system
- i.s. that automate the relationship btwn firm and supplier to optimize the planning, sourcing, manufacturing, and delivery of products and services
- customer relationship management system
- i.s. for creating integrated view of all the relationships a firm maintains with customers
- enterprise system
- integrated enterprise-wide i.s. that coordinate key internal processes of the firm, integrate data from manufacturing and distribution, finance, sales, and h.r.
- knowledge management systems
- systems taht support creation, capture, storage, and dissemination of firm expertise and knowledge
- information system
- interrelated components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization in an organization
- information
- data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful
- data
- streams of raw facts representing events occuring in organizations or physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a understandable/useful form
- input
- capture or collection of raw data from within the organization or from its external environment for processing in an i.s.
- processing
- conversion, manipulation, and analysis of raw input into a form that is more meaningful
- output
- distribution of processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used
- feedback
- output that is returned to the appropriate members of the organization to help them evaluate or correct imput
- computer-based i.s.
- i.s. that rely on computer hardware and software for processing and disseminating information
- formal system
- system resting on accepted and fixed definitions of data and procedures, operating with predefined rules
- information systems literacy
- broad-based understanding of i.s. that includes behavioral knowledge about org and indiv using i.s. as well as technical knowledge about computers
- computer literacy
- knowledge about info technology, focusing on understanding how computer-based technologies work
- business functions
- specialized tasks performed in a business organization, including: manufactuing and production, sales and marketing, finance, accounting, and human resources
- standard operating procedures (SOPs)
- formal rules for accomplishing tasks that have been developed to cope with expected situations
- knowledge workers
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engineers, architects
-design products or services and create knowledge - data workers
-
secretaries, bookkeepers
-process paperwork for organization - production or service workers
- people who actually produce products or services
- senior managers
-
topmost hierarchy
responsible for making long-range decisions - middle managers
-
middle of organizational hierarchy
responsible for carrying out plans and goals of senior managers - operational managers
- monitor day-to-day activities of organization
- computer hardware
-
physical equip
imput, processing, output activities - computer software
- detailed, preprogrammed instructions to control and coordinate hardware components
- storage technology
- physical media and software governing storage and organization of data
- communications technology
- devices and software to link hardware components and transfer data
- network
- link 2 or more computers to share data and resources
- information technology infrastructure
- hardware, software, data and storage technology, networks providing shared information technology resources
- management information systems
- study of i.s. on use in business and management
- internet
-
internation network of networks
private and public networks - world wide web
-
system with universally accepted standards
store, receive, format, display information in networked environment - mass customization
- offer individually tailored products/services on large scale
- interorganizational systems
- i.s. that automate flow of information and link organization to customers, distributors, or suppliers
- digital market
-
marketplace created by computer and communication technologies
link buyers and sellers - electronic commerce
- buy and sell goods and services electronically
- intranet
-
internal corporate networks
private - extranet
-
private intranet
authorized outsiders can access - electronic business
- internet and digital technology to execute business processes
- information architecture
- design that information technology takes to achieve goals